浸提分离法提取皂素清洁工艺研究  

Study on extraction-separation cleaner process of diosgenin

作　　者：毛楠[1,2] 黄文[3] 籍国东[2] 李华[3] 王家文[3] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学深圳研究生院城市人居环境科学与技术重点实验室,深圳518055 [2]北京大学环境工程系水沙科学教育部重点实验室,北京100871 [3]四川大学纳米生物医学与膜生物学研究所,成都610041

出　　处：《环境工程学报》2009年第5期937-940,共4页Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering

基　　金：国家"十一五"科技支撑项目(2006BAB04A14);四川省科技支撑项目(2008SZ0024)

摘　　要：提出一种通过溶剂提取将游离皂苷与淀粉、纤维等成分分离,从源头上减少用水量、耗酸量和污染物排放量的皂素清洁生产工艺。首先对溶剂提取条件进行优化,得出最佳工艺条件为:90%(体积比)乙醇溶液,料液比1∶7,沸腾回流提取3 h,重复提取3次。然后通过气-质联用(GC/MS)分析了皂素废水的有机物组成。研究结果表明,清洁工艺皂素产率为1.51%(降低3.82%),用酸量比传统工艺减少了71%,头道液COD浓度降低了46%,每100 g原料排放的COD总量下降了84%;皂素废水的有机物污染物主要为糠醛及其衍生物,清洁工艺废水的有机物含量更低,更易降解。A new cleaner process was proposed, in which saponins was separated from starch and fiber by solvent extraction. It reduced contamination, water and sulfuric acid consumption. Optimized extraction conditions were as follows： 90% （V/V） ethanol; material-liquid ratio of 1 ： 7 ; 3 times and 3 hours. Wastewater was analyzed through GC/MS. The result showed that diosgenin yield of cleaner process was 1.51% , decreasing by 3.82%. In this process, water and sulfuric acid reduced by 71% , COD concentration and quantity declined by 46% and 84% respectively. The result of GC/MS showed that main organic pollutants of wastewater were furfu- ral and its derivatives. Wastewater of cleaner process contained less pollutants, and was easier to be degraded than that of traditional process.

关 键 词：黄姜 皂素 废水 

分 类 号：X38[环境科学与工程—环境工程]