长期施肥对红壤稻田耕层土壤碳储量的影响  

Effect of Long-term Fertilization on Soil Plough Layer Carbon Storage in a Reddish Paddy Soil

作　　者：陈安磊[1] 谢小立[1] 陈惟财[1] 王凯荣[2] 高超[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所,长沙410125 [2]青岛农业大学农业生态与环境健康研究所,青岛266109 [3]湖北省水土保持监测中心,武汉430071

出　　处：《环境科学》2009年第5期1267-1272,共6页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展规划(973)项目(2005CB121106);中国科学院知识创新工程项目(KZCX2-YW-423);湖南省自然科学基金项目(08JJ3090)

摘　　要：以红壤性稻田土壤为对象,研究了长期施肥（1990-2006年）对稻田表层土壤碳储量及固碳潜力的影响,讨论了耕层厚度变化对碳储量估算及处理间差异的影响.研究发现,与长期施用化肥相比,有机物的循环利用能显著提高红壤性稻田土壤碳储量,其碳储量为57.7－66.2 t/hm^2,比试验前高出18.7-27.2 t/hm^2,而长期施用化肥碳储量提高幅度平均为5.4 t/hm^2.红壤性稻田土壤饱和固碳量为84.0 t/hm^2,与目前碳储量相比还有17.8-43.7 t/hm^2的固碳潜力.研究证实,土壤碳储量与土壤容重和表层土壤厚度的变化密切相关,以20 cm或23 cm作为统计厚度估算表层土壤的碳储量将分别低估20.6%和11.3%,其中有机物施用处理碳储量低估幅度最大（分别为26.8%和18.9%）;另外,用相同统计厚度进行碳储量估算减小了不同施肥处理间的差异.从稻田土壤碳储量及固碳潜力来考虑,有机物配合化肥施用是红壤稻田较优的施肥方式.With a reddish paddy soil as test materials, soil profile nitrogen storage in long-term different fertilization system（1990-2006） have been investigated. The result indicated that recycling of organic matter significantly increased the soil profile C storage （ranged from 57.7 to 66.2 t/hm^2 ）, and it was increased by 18.7-27.2 t/hm^2 compared with the soil profile C storage of 1990. But it was increased by 5.4 t/hm^2 with only application of chemical fertilizers. Saturated carbon storage of paddy soils was 84.0 t/hm^2, and the C sequestration potential ranged from 17.8-43.7 t/hm^2 compared with the current soil profile carbon storage. The result showed that there was a significant relationship between soil bulk density and depth changes of profile soil. The organic C storage would be greatly underestimated by 20.6 % or 11.3 % if we only take 20 cm or 23 cm as the standard depth in the estimating method for organic C storage, it also would be underestimated the difference of treatments. The combined application of chemical fertilizer and organic matter is optimal for agricultural field based on soil organic C storage and the carbon sequestration potential.

关 键 词：施肥模式 红壤稻田 耕层 土壤碳储量 土壤容重 

分 类 号：X142[环境科学与工程—环境科学]