金发草对土壤中菲、芘的修复机制  

Mechanisms of the Removal and Remediation of Phenanthrene and Pyrene in Soil by Pogonatherum paniceum

作　　者：潘声旺[1] 魏世强[1] 袁馨[1] 曹生宪[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南大学资源环境学院,重庆市农业资源与环境研究重点实验室,重庆400715

出　　处：《环境科学》2009年第5期1273-1279,共7页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2007BAD87B10-05);国家高技术研究发展计划(863)项目(2006AA10Z427);重庆市科技攻关项目(CSTC-2006AC1018)

摘　　要：采用盆栽试验法,研究岩生植物金发草（Pogonatherum paniceum L.）对土壤中芘、菲的去除效果与修复机制.结果显示,在试验浓度范围（20－322 mg·kg^-1）内,种植金发草能有效去除土壤中芘、菲污染.70 d后,菲、芘去除率分别为50.97%－86.77%、46.45%－76.7%;比对照1（加0.1%NaN3）高63.56%、58.6%,比对照2（无NaN3）高46.09%、42.92%.金发草能吸收、富集部分菲和芘,根、茎叶组织中菲、芘含量随菲、芘添加浓度的升高而增大,且根部大于茎叶部、芘大于菲,但生物浓缩系数却逐渐减小.修复过程中,非生物因子、植物代谢、富集、微生物降解对菲的去除率分别为5.1%、0.32%、4.22%、17.47%,对芘的去除率分别为2.56%、4.27%、2.01%、15.68%;植物-微生物间的交互作用对菲、芘的去除率分别为41.56%、36.64%.说明植物-微生物交互作用是金发草修复土壤中菲芘污染的主要机制.The mechanisms of the removal and accumulation of phenanthrene （PHE） and pyrene （PYR） by rock plant Pogonatherum paniceum were studied by pot experiments. Results showed that P. paniceum might effectively remove PHE and PYR from soils at their initial concentrations of 20 to 322 mg·kg^-1 , About 50,97%-86,77% of PHE or 46.45%-76.7% of PYR was removed from the soils respectively after 70-day plantation of P. paniceum ; the average removal rates of PHE or PYR from the soils by P. paniceum were 63.56% and 58.6% higher than those of C KI （with addition of 0.1% NaN3 ）, and 46.09 % and 42.92 % higher than those of CK2 （without NaN3 ）. P. paniceum did show ability to accumulate polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons （PAHs） from the soils; the contents of PAHs in its root and shoot increased with the increase of PAHs concentrations in the soils. The b factors （BCFs） for PAHs tended to decrease with increasing concentrations of these contaminants in soil. BCFs for PYR were higher than those for PHE, and BCFs for PHE （0.12-1.63） and PYR （1.03- 5.61 ） in shoots were much lower than those in roots （0.21-3.08 and 1.31-10.11 ） at the same treatment. The mechanisms of phytoremediation processes by P. paniceum involve both biotic and abiotic factors. Contributions of each factor to the phytoremediation processes were estimated, which indicated that abiotic loss, plant accumulation, phytodegredation and microbial degradation accounted for 5.1%, 0.32 %, 4.22 % and 17.47 % of the total removal of PHE, and 2.56 %, 4.27 %, 2.01% and 15.68 % of PYR from soils, respectively. In contrast, 41.56% removal of PHE and 36.64% of PYR were attributed to plant-microbial interactions. Thus plant-microbial interactions are the main mechanisms for the remediation of soil PAHs pollution.

关 键 词：植物修复 多环芳烃 金发草 土壤 

分 类 号：X171.5[环境科学与工程—环境科学]