蒽降解菌烟曲霉A10的分离及降解性能研究  

Isolation of an Anthracene-Degrading Strain Aspergillus fumigatus A10 and Its Degradation Characteristics

作　　者：强婧[1] 尹华[1] 彭辉[1] 叶锦韶[1] 秦华明[1] 何宝燕[1] 张娜[1] 

机构地区：[1]暨南大学环境工程系,广州510632

出　　处：《环境科学》2009年第5期1298-1305,共8页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(50578070;50778081)

摘　　要：从污染环境中筛选出1株蒽降解菌A10,经鉴定为烟曲霉（Aspergillus fumigatus）,其对蒽的降解率随时间的延长逐渐升高,在12-84 h,蒽降解率增长速率较快;此后降解率的增加趋于平缓,最终（168 h）能够达到83%左右.当无机盐培养液中蒽初始浓度为10 mg/L,A10投菌量为50 g/L（以湿重计）,菌龄为36 h时,5 d内蒽降解率为79.37%.蒽浓度对菌发挥降解作用有较大影响,浓度为5 mg/L时,降解率最高,达92.17%.培养液初始pH为5.0-7.5时,降解率维持在60%左右;温度为30℃、氧气量为4.30 mg/L时蒽降解效果较好.一定量的营养盐的添加能在一定程度上促进蒽的降解.共代谢底物乳糖的添加,能使蒽的降解率提高37.15%.对蒽降解过程的初步研究表明,菌株A10对蒽的降解是一个胞外吸附/胞内降解的动态变化过程.红外光谱分析显示,在微生物作用下,蒽的结构发生改变,生成了含有1-2个苯环的芳香酸、芳香酮、芳香醛和饱和碳氢化合物等一系列降解产物.An anthracene-degrading strain （A10） was isolated from contaminated environment and identified as Aspergillus fumigatus. The experimental results showed that the biodegradation rate of anthracene increased with the increasing time. Between 12-84 h interval, the biodegradation performed rapidly, while after this, the increase of biodegradation rate tended to become slow, and ultimately the biodegradation rate could achieve approximately 83 % . The degradation rate of anthracene roached 79.37 % within 5 days when the initial concentration of anthracene in mineral salts medium （MSM） was 10 mg/L, the inoculum dosage was 50 g/L （wet weight） and the cell age was 36 h. The concentration of anthracene had notable influence on degradation function of strain A10 and the highest degradation rate （92.17%） was achieved when anthracene concentration was 5 mg/L. The degradation rate could maintain about 60% with initial pH of MSM in the range of 5.0-7.5, and also, the anthracene could be better broken down when the temperature was 30℃ and dissolved oxygen was 4.30 mg/L. Certain amount of nutrition salts promoted the biodegradation of anthracene to some extent. Addition of lactose as co-metabolic substrate most favorably accelerated degradation of anthracene by about 37.15%. The mechanism research revealed that the biodegradation by strain A10 was a dynamic process in which extracellular sorption and intracellular degradation were included. FT-IR analysis exhibited that the structure of anthracene changed with the action of microbe, generating a series of metabolites, such as aromatic acid, aromatic ketone, aromatic aldehyde with one or two benzene rings, as well as saturated hydrocarbons.

关 键 词：蒽 生物降解 烟曲霉 性能 

分 类 号：X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学]