P450酶系对污染物的生物指示和催化降解机制  

Mechanism of Biological Indication and Catalytic Degradation of Cytochrome P450 to Contaminants

作　　者：尚卫辉[1] 李永涛[1] 舒薇[2] M.Benedetti 

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学资源环境学院,广州510642 [2]华南农业大学测试中心,广州510642 [3]Laboratoire de Geochimie des Eaux,Universit6e Paris-Diderot-IPGP,case 7052,5 rue Thomas Mann,7520,5 Paris Cedex 13,France

出　　处：《环境科学与技术》2009年第6期12-16,共5页Environmental Science & Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助(40771110)

摘　　要：细胞色素P450酶系是广泛存在于不同生物体内的含有多种超家族CYP450血红素蛋白或相同结构域的一系列酶,是多组分电子传递链的终端氧化还原酶。最新研究发现,利用P450在生物体内的含量/活性与污染物浓度的定量响应关系可实现环境污染的早期预警和诊断,对环境污染的监测和预报具有重要意义。更重要的是,P450酶系被认为是生物对内源或外生污染物代谢途径的启动催化因子。P450的脱卤化、羧基化、脱烷基化、环氧化等催化作用在诱导污染物的分解代谢过程中起核心作用。本文综述了P450酶系的结构、催化过程和诱导抑制机理,分析了其在环境污染物的生物指示和催化降解中的应用进展,以便为利用P450进行环境预警和生物修复提供系统的理论和技术支持。Cytochrome P450, existing in organism widely, contain a series of CYP450 heme-thiolate protein or enzymes with the same domain, which is the terminal oxidoreductase of multieomponent electron transport chain. Results showed that the quantitative relation between P450 content and contaminant level can be used as early alarm and diagnose of environment contamination, which plays an important role in environment monitoring and forecast. 17450 is considered as staring catalysis factor for contaminant degradation by dehalogenation, carboxylation, dealkylation and epoxidation. The structure, catalysis process, induction and inhibition mechanism of P450 were reviewed, application of biological indicator and catalytic degradation to contaminant was discussed in order to offer a theoretical and technical support on environment forecast and bioremediation.

关 键 词：细胞色素P450酶系 生物修复 环境污染 催化降解 电子传递链 

分 类 号：X17[环境科学与工程—环境科学]