简易压片法观察水稻有丝分裂和减数分裂行为  

Observation of Mitosis and Meiosis in Rice Cells by Simply Prepared Glass Slide

作　　者：杨旭[1] 代西梅[1] 

机构地区：[1]郑州大学离子束生物工程省重点实验室,河南郑州450052

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2009年第14期6325-6327,共3页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：河南省自然科学基金项目(2008A208019)

摘　　要：[目的]建立一套简单易行的染色体压片技术,获得水稻染色体资料。[方法]以水稻根尖和花药为材料,采用改进后的压片法进行制片,对水稻有丝分裂和减数分裂过程进行显微观察取像。[结果]水稻有丝分裂包括间期、前期、中期、后期、末期5个时期,中期的染色体缩至最短,是观察与研究染色体的好时期。水稻减数分裂包括减数分裂I、减数分裂II 2个过程,其中在减数分裂I过程中发生了染色体复制,减数分裂II过程中仅发生了细胞分裂。[结论]改进后的水稻染色体压片技术能够获得准确的染色体资料,可为育种和遗传操作提供依据。[ Objective ] The study was to establish a set of techniques in glass slide for rice chromosome with simple procedures and to observe the cell division process of rice chromosome. [ Method] Using rice root tip and anther as experimental materials, glass slides for rice chromosome were prepared by the improved method, and the processes of mitosis and meiosis in rice cell were observed under microscope and recorded by photograph. [ Result] The interphase and all the four phases of mitosis including prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase were well observed. At metaphase, the chromosomes condensed to the minimum, thus this phase was optimal for observing and studying chromosomes. In rice cells, meiosis contained two stages of meiosis Ⅰ and meiosis Ⅰ, the former included chromosome replication, whereas the latter just performed cell division. [ Conclusion ] The improved protocol introduced in this Study could attain accurate data of rice chromosome, further providing basis for breeding and genetic manipulation.

关 键 词：水稻 染色体 压片法 有丝分裂 减数分裂 

分 类 号：S51[农业科学—作物学]