宝天曼自然保护区山野菜物种多样性研究  

Wild Vegetable Biodiversity from Baotianman Nature Reserve in Henan

作　　者：朱学灵[1] 王万里 

机构地区：[1]国家林业局宝天曼森林生态系统定位研究站,河南内乡474350 [2]内乡湍河湿地省级自然保护区管理局,河南内乡474350

出　　处：《河南师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2009年第2期120-124,共5页Journal of Henan Normal University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金："十一五"林业科技支撑计划"天然林保育恢复与可持续经营技术研究"(2006BAD03A04)

摘　　要：通过对宝天曼保护区及周边社区的普遍调查,发现该区山野菜种类为189种,隶属161属66科,并对山野菜水平分布、区系成分、生活型、食用部位和营养价值进行了研究.从海拔600-1 830 m,划分6个海拔段分析其垂直分布格局.结果发现,海拔600-1 000 m山野菜种类最多,海拔1 200-1 400 m种类次之;1 000-1 200 m,1 400-1 600 m山野菜物种数量有所减少;海拔1 600-1 800 m山野菜数量最少.山野菜随海拔梯度的分布与宝天曼生物多样性海拔分布有所不同,呈中间高度膨胀而峰值偏向低海拔的特点;相邻海拔段的山野菜植物种类相似系数较高;海拔段相隔越远,相似系数越小.影响宝天曼保护区山野菜多样性海拔梯度分布格局的主要因素为：地形、海拔高度、群落温度、群落类型、群落盖度以及人为因素.According to the general survey of Baotianman Reserve and its surrounding communities, it＇s discovered that there are 189 kinds of edible mountain wild herbs which can be divided into 161 genera and 66 families. At the same time a study of the horizontal distribution, the composition of the different areas, the growing type, the edible parts and the nutritive value of the wild herbs has been carried out, From the altitude of 600 meters to 1,830 meters 6 altitude parts are divided to analyze the vertical distributing structure. It＇s found that the part from 600 meters to 1,000 meters has the largest amount of wild herb types and the part from 1,200 meters to 1,400 meters has the lesser amount; the part from 1,000 meters to 1,200 meters and the part from 1,400 meters to 1,600 meters have the still lesser species; the part from 1,600 meters to 1,800 meters has the least amount of wild herbs. According to the statistics arrives the conclusion： in Baotianman reserve the distribution of the wild herbs along the altitude gradient is different from the distribution of the biodiversity along the altitude, that means the former one is the type with the middle part highly expanded while the highest amount inclines to the lower altitude, the coefficient of similarity among the wild herbs species is higher between the neighboring altitude parts; the coefficient of similarity is lower between the farther altitude parts. The main factors which may affect the distributing structure of the biodiversity of the edible mountain wild herbs along the altitude gradient in Baotianman nature reserve are： the topography, the altitude, the temperature of the community, the community type, the covering degree of the community and the human activities.

关 键 词：山野菜 物种多样性 海拔梯度 区系成分 自然保护区 

分 类 号：Q151.93[生物学—普通生物学]