苏打盐渍土的微域特征以及水分的迁移规律探讨  

Micro Structure of Sodic Alkaline Soil and Water Transportation

作　　者：罗金明[1,2,3] 邓伟[4] 张晓平[1] 杨帆[1] 李秀军[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所,吉林长春130012 [2]齐齐哈尔大学理学院 [3]中国科学院研究生院,北京100039 [4]中国科学院水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所,四川成都610041

出　　处：《土壤通报》2009年第3期482-486,共5页Chinese Journal of Soil Science

基　　金：中科院知识创新重大项目(KZCX1-SW-19-02);国家科技支撑项目(2006BAC01A08)

摘　　要：通过野外定位观测和室内分析,探讨了苏打盐渍土微域特征(32m长的横截面)及其水分和地下水之间的转化规律。结果表明:微地貌格局是影响土壤水分迁移的主要因素。盐化草甸土分布在相对低洼的部位,苏打碱土分布在微坡地和高平地。苏打碱土质地为粉砂质亚粘土-粘土-粉砂-砂砾垂直结构,盐化草甸土以粉砂和砂砾结构为主,缺少粘土层。在0-100kPa的基质势作用下,苏打碱土的水分含量变化很微弱,盐化草甸土的水分发生明显的变化。洼地土壤(盐化草甸土)成为地表水和地下水转化的通道。承接微坡地和高平地的径流,洼地(盐化草甸土)在雨季含水率较多且迅速补给地下水,使之逐渐上升。坡地土壤(苏打碱土)的整个土层含水率变化不显著。By in-situ observation and analysis in laboratory, micro structure, water and salinity transportation with shallow groundwater （a 32-m-long transect） were discussed. Results showed that micro relief pattern was a key influence factor for soil water transportation. Saline meadow soil distributed in the micro basin, and sodic alkaline soil in micro slope or micro flat. Particle size profile of alkaline soil was silty subslay-slay-silt-gravel structure. The main component in micro basin was silt and gravel, lacking of slay layer. Influenced by soil water potential under 0-100 kPa, variation of sodic alkaline soil moisture was pretty weak in comparison with great change in saline meadow soil. Shallow basin （sodic saline meadow soil） became the channel of surface run-off and shallow groundwater transportation. Accumulated run-off from micro slope and flat, moisture content was pretty large （even reach saturation condition） in micro basin （saline meadow soil） in rainy season and supplied shallow groundwater quickly, elevated the depth of shallow groundwater gradually. The variation of soil moisture in micro slope （soidc alkaline soil） was pretty weak.

关 键 词：微域景观 水分特征曲线 水分迁移 

分 类 号：S156.4[农业科学—土壤学]