药用植物湖北麦冬和山麦冬减数分裂及花粉发育的比较研究  

Comparative study on meiotic behavior and pollen development of medicinal plants Liriope spicata var.prolifera and L.spicata

作　　者：周群[1] 周健丘[1] 王菁菁[1] 陆文亮[2] 王小刚[1] 陈家春[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学同济药学院天然药物化学与资源评价湖北省重点实验室,湖北武汉430030 [2]天津天士力集团,天津300402

出　　处：《中国中药杂志》2009年第10期1199-1203,共5页China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica

基　　金：高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金项目(20060487071);国家“十一五”科技支撑计划项目(2006BAI06A15-4)

摘　　要：目的:比较湖北麦冬和山麦冬减数分裂及花粉发育的差异,探讨湖北麦冬不育的细胞学实质。方法:采用常规压片法,观察湖北麦冬和山麦冬的减数分裂行为及花粉发育过程。结果:山麦冬花粉母细胞减数分裂过程基本正常,染色体能正常配对和分离。湖北麦冬花粉母细胞减数分裂过程中染色体行为异常,多表现为中期出现少数染色体及断片游离在纺锤体外面,在后期出现染色体桥、断片和落后染色体,在末期出现单个染色体游离在细胞核外形成微核的现象。湖北麦冬花粉发育异常,花粉畸形率为95.81%(2 066个)。山麦冬花粉发育基本正常,花粉畸形率为3.44%(2 949个)。结论:湖北麦冬减数分裂及花粉发育的异常是引起花粉败育的重要原因。Objective： To reveal the mechanism of sterility of Liriope spicata var. prolifera. Method： Meiotic behavior and pollen development of L. spicata var. prolifera were described in detail. Its proto-variety L. spicata was also investigated for comparison. Result： During the meiosis of microspore mother cells （MMC） , most of cells displayed normally in L. spicata, but abnormally in L. spicata var. prolifera. The abnormity was showed that： some chromosomes or their fragments moved out of the spindle of the cell at metaphase; some chromosome bridges, fragments and lagging ones were formed at anaphase; and many microspores displayed the micronucleus at the telophase. The pollen development was abnormal in L. spicata var. prolifera and normal in L. spicata, with the aberration rate of pollen was 95.81% and 3.44% separately. Conclusion： These results indicate that some abnormalities of meiotic behavior and pollen development are main reasons for inducing microspore abortion during its development.

关 键 词：湖北麦冬 山麦冬 花粉母细胞 减数分裂 花粉发育 

分 类 号：S567.232[农业科学—中草药栽培]