汉语状位预设语气副词的句法分布  

On the Syntactic Distribution of Modal Adverb as Presupposition Trigger in Chinese

作　　者：李杰[1] 

机构地区：[1]南通大学文学院,江苏南通226019

出　　处：《南通大学学报（社会科学版）》2009年第3期68-73,共6页Journal of Nantong University:Social Sciences Edition

基　　金：江苏省高校哲学社会科学基金项目(06SJB740001)

摘　　要：现代汉语状语位置上的语气副词,部分具有预设功能,该预设是一种语用预设,表明了命题在语言交际中的适切性。这种预设副词所在的状中结构,单句中通常分布于谓语、补语、宾语中,有时也独自成句,语气副词此时位于句首;复句(句群)中,一般分布在始发(分)句位置上。预设语气副词的分布位置,单句中与其预设功能的强弱有关:随着句位的逐渐后移,语副的预设功能渐弱,语用焦点功能渐强;复句中与主观性的强弱有关:由分布于后续(分)句到始发(分)句,语副的主观性渐强。Some modal adverbs in Chinese are presupposition triggers, which show presupposition in pragmatic, and emphasize the appropriateness or felicity. In simple sentences subordinate structure with a modal adverb usually lies in predicate, complement and object; and sometimes it makes a sentence alone, in which modal adverb lies in the front. In compound （or groups of） sentences, subordinate structure with a modal adverb usually lies at antecedent-clause （or -sentence）. Distribution of a modal adverb is related to degree of its presupposition. With a modal adverb moving towards the back of a sentence, the degree of its presupposition is weakening while its function of focus is strengthening. In compound sentences, distribution of a modal adverb is related to degree of subjectivity. In an antecedent-clause （or -sentence）, the degree of subjectivity is stronger; and in the follow-up clause （or sentence）, weaker.

关 键 词：状语位置 语气副词 预设 分布 

分 类 号：H146.3[语言文字—汉语]