《水污染防治法》值得深思的几个问题  

Thinking on the Newly Revised "Law on the Prevention and Treatment of Water Pollution"

作　　者：冷罗生[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学法学院,北京100875

出　　处：《中国人口·资源与环境》2009年第3期66-69,共4页China Population,Resources and Environment

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究规划项目(08JA820002);中国法学会部级法学研究项目(D08017)资助

摘　　要：新修订的《水污染防治法》虽然在明确违法界限、规范企业排污行为、完善水环境监测网络、强化事故应急处置等诸多方面有新的突破,但仍存在立法目标偏低、地方政府环境法律责任和地下水污染防治的监管责任规定不明确、水源保护区管理制度和补偿政策不充分、饮用水源保护区制度难以惠及农村居民、对违法企业的惩处力度不彻底、公众参与的力度不大等值得深思的问题。导致这些问题的原因主要有:水污染防治立法所涉的相关领域技术含量过高、决策者对经济发展仍存在顾虑、地方保护主义、环境责任意识偏弱以及水环境污染行为的司法监督体系混乱等。所幸的是《水污染防治法实施细则》还未颁布,上述一部分问题可以在《水污染防治法实施细则》中加以解决,另一部分内容只有等待修订此法或者其它法律时加以完善。Although the newly revised ＂Law on the Prevention and Treatment of Water Pollution＂ has some new breakthroughs including cleating out the limits of the law, standardizing enterprise behavior sewage, improving the water environment monitoring networks, and strengthening emergency disposal and many other aspects, there are still some problems, such as low legislative goals, unclearuess of local government environmental laws responsibility and groundwater pollution prevention provisions of the regulatory responsibility, insufficiency of protected areas water management system and compensation policy, difficulties of source of drinking water systems of protected areas reaching to the rural residents, non-thoroughness to illegal enterprises punishment, and lacking of public participation. The causes led to these problems are as followed： the high tecimical related to areas of content water pollution control legislation, regional protectionism from the policy makers on economic development, weak awareness of environmental responsibility, and confusion of judicial supervision system to water pollution behaviors. Fortunately, ＂Implementation Guidelines to Law on the Prevention and Treatment of Water Pollution＂ has not yet promulgated. Parts of the problems mentioned above can be resolved through of the ＂Implementation Guidelines to Law on the Prevention and Treatment of Water Pollution＂, and the others may only have to be waited for an amendment to this Act or other legislations to be improved.

关 键 词：水污染防治 违法界限 公众参与 环境责任 

分 类 号：X197[环境科学与工程—环境科学]