智能电动车模拟设计  

Design of the Electric Car Seesaw

作　　者：刘大龙[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东工业大学华立学院,广东增城511325

出　　处：《电子科技》2009年第6期67-71,74,共6页Electronic Science and Technology

摘　　要：本设计采用单片机(ATC89S52)作为电动车跷跷板的控制核心,智能控制电动车在跷跷板上固定水平状态和跷跷板状态时,行驶完成从起始端到尾端,停留5s后返回到起始端,并分别显示前进和倒退所用时间等功能。引导方式采用反射式红外传感器感知,采用与白色板面颜色有较大差别的黑色引导线,平衡判断采用自制摆陀与光耦合器构成的角度传感器;驱动电机采用直流减速电机;电机控制方式为调压调速的PWM控制;计时与显示采用单片机内置定时器处理后由液晶显示器(LCD)输出。测试数据表明文中设计的智能电动车可以完成基本功能,水平状态及跷跷板上运行时间均较短,效果良好。This design uses the monolithic integrated circuit （ATC89S52） as the control core of the electric car seesaw and realizes the functions of intelligently controlling the electric car＇s fixed horizontal position and the seesaw condition, making it go from the outset end to end, pausing for 5 seconds and returning to the outset end and demonstrating the times for going forward and backing up separately. The reflection type infrared sensor sensation is used as the way of guidance and the black inlet line is adopted which has obvious difference from the white color pan. The angle sensor which is constituted by a self-made gyroscope and a photo coupler is used as the balance judgment. A direct-current deceleration electrical machine is used as the driving electric machine. The PWM control with adjustable voltage and speed is used as the electrical machinery control mode. The timing and display are output by LCD after being processed in the monolithic integrated circuit. Testing results show that the smart electric car can have its primary functions completed and that the times for the horizontal position and the seesaw condition are short with good effect.

关 键 词：电动车 PWM脉宽调制技术 L298N电机驱动 反射式红外传感器 自制角度传感器 

分 类 号：TP368.1[自动化与计算机技术—计算机系统结构]