与标记、语序相关的几条句法共性  

Some Universals of Syntax with Particular Reference to Markedness and Word Order

作　　者：罗天华[1] 

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学对外汉语学院,上海200062

出　　处：《语言科学》2009年第3期259-277,共19页Linguistic Sciences

摘　　要：主语、动词、宾语之间的语法标记类型可能有16种。文章通过对82种语言的取样分析,发现不存在全部的16种标记方式。有的标记方式有语言实证,有的标记方式无实证;在有实证的标记类型中,又有实证语言的多寡之分。文章讨论这些有实证和无实证、实证多和实证少的标记方式,并尝试建立语法标记类型和基本语序类型之间的一些关联。Sixteen markedness patterns may exist in the grammatical relations between Subject, Verb and Object. This paper investigates the relationship between these markedness patterns and basic word order, mainly by surveying a worldwide sample of 82 languages. Eight universals of syntax with particular reference to markedness and word order are proposed therein, and a functional explanation is also tentatively provided.

关 键 词：类型学 形态标记 基本语序 语法关系 语言共性 

分 类 号：H04[语言文字—语言学]