介词悬空的方式与后果、动因和作用  

On the Patterns and Results,Causes and Functions of Chinese Preposition Stranding

作　　者：张谊生[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]上海高校比较语言学E-研究院,上海200234 [2]上海师范大学语言研究所,上海200234

出　　处：《语言科学》2009年第3期288-303,共16页Linguistic Sciences

基　　金：国家社科基金项目(07BYY048)"近30年来汉语虚词的发展变化及其演化趋势研究"的一部分;教育部社科项目(05JA740021);上海市哲学社会科学项目(2006BYY006)的资助

摘　　要：介词悬空有承前省略、隐含脱落与紧邻凝固等方式。形成的句法后果是:词性不变,独立转类和参与重构。悬空动因既与汉语类型特征、介词演化来源有关,也受到词语韵律节奏的制约和语用表达需求的驱动。悬空后的作用在于关联化、标记化与情状化。揭示介词悬空的规律与功用,有助于认识介词的性质,阐释相关的语言现象。The sub-patterns of Chinese prepositions stranding are the types of inheriting the former expressions and elliptic their objects, implicating and the types of dropping the objects, adjacent occurrence and re-forming a new word. The resulted syntactic significance of the prepositions stranding include keeping the features and the functions of preposition unchanged, turning into other words of speeeh and forming a new double syllable word. The causes of the prepositions stranding are correlated not only with the features of Chinese linguistic typology and the evaluating sources of the prepositions themselves, but also with the restricting the structure rhyming and the droving of the pragmatic expressions. With regular stranding, the functions of the prepositions had been turning to conjunctions and changing into markers and becoming the adverbs. Comprehensive study on the Chinese prepositions stranding will contribute to fully recognize the features of the prepositions and expand the complex phenomena about Chinese prepositions.

关 键 词：介词悬空 后果动因 功用 双音节 词汇化 语法化 

分 类 号：H146[语言文字—汉语]