十六烷基三甲基氯化铵抑制小球藻生长的效应及作用机制  

Growth Inhibition and Mechanism of Cetyltrimethyl Ammonium Chloride on Chlorella vulgaris

作　　者：许银[1] 葛飞[1] 陶能国[2] 朱润良[1] 王娜[1] 

机构地区：[1]湘潭大学环境科学与工程系,湘潭411105 [2]湘潭大学生物工程系,湘潭411105

出　　处：《环境科学》2009年第6期1767-1772,共6页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(20877065);湖南省教育厅优秀青年基金项目(07B077);湘潭大学博士科研启动项目

摘　　要：以普通小球藻为受试生物,采用批量培养方法研究了阳离子表面活性剂十六烷基三甲基氯化铵（CTAC）的抑藻效应,通过营养元素吸收、Zeta电位、酸性磷酸酶和亚显微结构的测定探讨了其作用机制.结果表明,CTAC浓度在0.1-1 mg/L范围内随浓度升高对小球藻的抑制作用增强,96 h抑制小球藻生长的半效应浓度（96 h-EC50）为0.18 mg/L.0.3 mg/L CTAC作用8 d后,对小球藻生物量的抑制率为70.7%,对氮和铁单位吸收量的抑制率分别为83.9%和86.2%,藻细胞Zeta电位从-12.5mV提高至-6.7 mV,酸性磷酸酶相对活力降至23.1%,藻细胞出现明显的质壁分离、蛋白核扭曲和溶酶体膨胀等现象.根据实验结果分析,CTAC提高了藻细胞Zeta电位,抑制了小球藻对氮和铁的吸收,影响磷的代谢并引起亚显微结构的改变.Growth inhibition of cetyltrimethyl ammonium chloride （ CTAC）, a cationic surfactants, on Chlorella vulgaris was investigated at batch culture in laboratory. Furthermore, the corresponding mechanisms were studied by the determination of absorption capacity, Zeta potential, activity of acid phosphatase and ultrastructure of algae. Results show that the growth inhibition by CATC is enhanced with its concentration increasing from 0.1 mg/L to 1 mg/L, and 96 h-EC50 of CTAC is 0.18 mg/L. In the presence of 0.3 mg/L CTAC in 8 d, the inhibition efficiency of biomass reaches 70.7 %. Meanwhile, the absorption of nitrogen and iron is inhibited 83.9 % and 86.2 % respectively with Zeta potential of algae cell increasing from - 12.5 mV to - 6.7 mV. Furthermore, the relative activity of acid phosphatase declines to 23.1% at the same time. Plasmolysis, distortion of pyrenoid and swelling of lysosome is observed in the cell. Above phenomena indicates that CTAC increases the Zeta potential of algae cell and thus inhibites the absorption of nitrogen and iron. In addition, CTAC may affect the metabolism of phosphorus and change the ultrastructure of algae cell.

关 键 词：十六烷基三甲基氯化铵 小球藻 ZETA电位 酸性磷酸酶 亚显微结构 

分 类 号：X171[环境科学与工程—环境科学]