驾驶疲劳对视觉非随意注意影响的ERP研究  

Effects of Driving Fatigue on Visual Involuntary Attention: An ERPs Study

作　　者：宋国萍[1] 张侃[2] 

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学教育科学学院,西安710062 [2]中国科学院心理所工程心理学实验室,北京100101

出　　处：《人类工效学》2009年第2期1-4,共4页Chinese Journal of Ergonomics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(30500159)

摘　　要：目的:探讨驾驶疲劳对于视觉非随意注意的影响。方法:采用组间对照,对照组为12名充分休息的出租车司机,实验组为15名连续驾驶10h的司机。采用视觉Oddball范式,标准刺激:正立三角形,70%;靶刺激:倒立三角形,15%;新异刺激:乱线条,15%。共2个block,每个block有300个刺激,刺激间隔(SOA)900-1000ms,刺激呈现时间50ms。要求被试对靶刺激进行按键反应。结果:疲劳引起新异刺激额区P170幅值显著降低,枕区N1幅值显著降低;新异刺激产生明显的额中央区分布的N2和P3a,P3a无明显的疲劳效应,疲劳组N2幅值的显著降低。结论:驾驶疲劳引起对视觉新异刺激的早期认知障碍,并且视觉非随意注意能力下降。Objective： To investigate effects of driving fatigue on visual involuntary attention. Method：Comprison between groups was used. The control group included 12 taxi drivers after adequate rest while the fatigue group included 15 taxi drives who had been driving for 10 hrs. Visual oddball pattern was adopted. The standard stimulus was erect triangle, probability 70 % ; target stimulus was inverted triangle, probability 15 % ; novel stimulus was disordered line, probability 15 %. There were 2 blocks, each block 300 stimulus. SOA was 900 - 1000ms. Duration of each stimulus was 50ms. Subjects were asked to press the mouse upon seeing the target stimulus. Results ： Amplitude of P170 by novel stimulus was significantly declined in frontal middle area and amplitude of N1 was significantly declined in occipital lobe. N2 and P3a were distributed in frontal middle area. And amplitude of N2 was significantly declined while amplitude of P3a didn＇ t change. Conclusion ： After driving fatigue, the ability of visual involuntary attention declines and early cognition hindrance aroused.

关 键 词：驾驶疲劳 视觉 非随意注意 事件相关电位 

分 类 号：B845.66[哲学宗教—心理学] U491.254[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]