突出河道砂体地质特征的地震保幅处理技术:以松辽盆地北部扶余油层为例  

Preserved amplitude processing aimed at enhancing geological characteristics of channel sandbodies:A case study from Fuyu oil layer in the northern Songliao Basin

作　　者：张尔华[1] 陈树民[2] 宋永忠[2] 凌云[3] 沈加刚[2] 

机构地区：[1]成都理工大学信息工程学院,成都610059 [2]大庆油田有限责任公司勘探开发研究院,黑龙江大庆163712 [3]中国石油天然气集团公司东方地球物理公司凌云研究组,河北涿州072751

出　　处：《地质科学》2009年第2期722-739,共18页Chinese Journal of Geology(Scientia Geologica Sinica)

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(编号:2009CB219307)资助

摘　　要：松辽盆地北部扶余油层的有效储层主要是河道砂体。由于河道砂体厚度薄(一般小于5 m),砂泥岩波阻抗差异小,加之砂、泥岩薄互层叠置,使得河道砂体地震响应弱,特征不明显,地震识别河道砂体是难题。以突出河道砂体地质特征为目标,开展了河道砂体识别地震处理技术研究,形成了以相对保持振幅与波形特征的补偿处理、叠前提高分辨率处理为核心技术,以处理解释一体化和处理过程监控为手段的相对保持振幅、相位和波形特征的高分辨率处理技术和流程。河道砂体识别地震保幅处理技术在肇源南地区应用见到明显效果,分辨率比常规处理提高15～20 Hz,保真能力得到大幅度提高。应用于肇源南地区,扶余油层河道和点砂坝得到清晰成像,以此部署钻井验证,符合率达100%。Channel sandbody was dominated reservoir in Fuyu oil layer hosted in Members 3-4, Quantou Formation in the northern Songliao Basin. The channel sandbodies were characterized by thin thickness （generally less than 5 meters）, little impedance difference and sand-shale thinly interlayered overriding,which resulted in poor seismic response, and sandbody＇s features being not clear. Using seismic data to accurately recognize channel sandstone became a difficult technical problem. To aim at projecting sand geologic features,the paper developed a seismic processing technology for sand recognizing. A new high resolution processing and workflow characterized by relatively preserved amplitude and wave mainly by using integration between processing and interpretation and processing monitoring was put forward in the paper. The key technology mainly including compensation processing in order to maintain the features of amplitude and wave,prestacked raising resolution processing. The application of this technology in Zhaoyuan area achieved good result,with the resolution being improved by 15 -20 Hz, and preserved ability being boosted largely. By the technique, a clear image of sandbodies of river channel and point bar of Fuyu oil layer in southern part of Zhaoyuan area was drawn, and the coincidence rate of predicted channel sandbodies using this technique with drilling sandbodies achieved 100%.

关 键 词：河道砂体 地震识别 相对保持振幅处理 处理解释一体化 处理过程监控 松辽盆地北部 

分 类 号：P631.4[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]