蛛网膜下腔出血295例临床分析  

Clinical analysis of 295 patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage

作　　者：黄庆梅[1] 刘群[2] 

机构地区：[1]深圳市龙岗中心医院神经内科,518116 [2]吉林大学第一医院神经内科,长春13000

出　　处：《国际医药卫生导报》2009年第12期24-27,共4页International Medicine and Health Guidance News

摘　　要：目的探讨蛛网膜下腔出血（SAH）的病因、临床表现、并发症、诊断及治疗方法。方法对295例SAH的临床资料进行回顾性总结分析。结果SAH为多病因的临床综合征，动脉瘤为SAH的主要病因，其他病因有中脑周围非动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血（PNSH）、血管畸形等。临床典型表现为突发剧烈头痛、脑膜刺激征。再出血为主要合并症，PNSH无再出血发生。开颅夹闭术和血管内弹簧圈栓塞是治疗动脉瘤的主要方法。结论早期病因诊断，尽快施行病因治疗，是降低再出血率及死亡率的关镪PNSH作为SAH的一个特殊类型，预后好。Objective To investigate the etiologic factor, risk factor, clinical manifestation, complication, diagnosis, therapy and prognosis of subarachnoid hemorrhage （SAH）.Methods The clinical data of 295 patients who were diagnosed spontaneous SAH in our hospital from January 2002 to January 2005Januarywere analyzed retrospectively. Results The main cause of SAH is ruptured aneurysm. Suddenly, explosive headache is a cardinal feature in the diagnosis of SAH. Rebleeding is major complication of SAH. Rebleeding does not happen in patients with PNSH. Conclusions It is easy to misdiagnose in elderly patients with SAH because of clinical manifestation is not typical. As a special type of SAH, PNSH has good prognosis. Early identification and definitive treatment of underlying ruptured aneurysms are the key factors to reduce the risk of rebleeding and mortality.

关 键 词：蛛网膜下腔出血 动脉瘤 中脑周围非动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血 

分 类 号：R74[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]