上海中心城区苏州河沿岸排水系统降雨径流水文水质特性研究  

Hydrology and Water Quality of Rainfall-Runoff in Combined Sewerage System Along Suzhou Creek in Central Shanghai

作　　者：程江[1,2] 杨凯[2] 黄小芳[2] 吕永鹏[2] 

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学河口海岸学国家重点实验室,上海200062 [2]华东师范大学资源与环境科学学院,上海市城市化生态过程和生态恢复重点实验室,上海200062

出　　处：《环境科学》2009年第7期1893-1900,共8页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40871016;70673022);中国博士后基金项目(20070420629)

摘　　要：为了解城市合流制管道系统降雨径流的水文水质变化过程与特征,于2007年7～9月对上海中心城区合流制排水系统(CSS)4类强度降雨(小雨、中雨、大雨和暴雨)的降雨量、径流量和污染浓度进行了同步连续监测与分析.结果表明,径流过程线滞后于降雨过程线约15～25min,形态与降雨过程线相似,波动幅度低于降雨过程线.4类强度降雨的径流系数分别为:0.33、0.62、0.67和0.73.CSS基本存在30/30标准的降雨径流初始冲刷现象,污染物浓度过程线滞后于降雨过程线约30～40min.4类强度降雨径流的pH值和重金属Cu、Zn、Cr、Cd、Pb、Ni的事件平均浓度(EMC)均符合地表水环境质量标准Ⅴ类水要求,COD、BOD5、NH4+-N和TP的EMC的变化范围分别为225.0～544.1、31.5～98.9、8.9～44.2和1.98～3.52mg·L-1,平均分别超过Ⅴ类水标准9.3、5.6、11.7和6.1倍,接近国外城市CSS的平均污染水平.SS与COD、BOD5、NH4+-N和TP在p<0.01水平上均具有一定的正相关性(R为0.359～0.736),颗粒态有机类和营养类污染物的比例平均为70.21%.In order to obtain the processes of hydrology and water quality of urban combined sewerage system （CSS） in highly urbanized region, the precipitation, discharge and pollutant concentration of four different intensity rainfall （light rain, moderate rain, heavy rain and storm） were measured from Jul. to Sep. 2007 in the Chendulu CSS along Suzhou Creek in Shanghai. The results show that the shapes of runoff graph are similar to rainfall graph, with a weaker fluctuation range and a 15-25 min delay between rainfall and runoff graph. Runoff coefficients of the four different rainfall are 0. 33, 0.62, 0.67 and 0.73, respectively. The 30/30 first flush phenomenon is found in Chendulu CSS. The peak of pollutant concentration graph lags rainfall peak about 30-40 min. The pH and event mean concentration （EMC） of Cu, Zn, Cr, Cd, Pb and Ni totally measure up to environmental quality standards V for surface water of China besides COD, BOD5, NH4^＋ -N and TP, and the EMC of COD, BOD5, NH4^＋-N and TP are 225.0-544.1, 31.5-98.9, 8.9-44.2 and 1.98-3.52 mg·L^-1, respectively. The rainfall-runoff pollutant concentration in Chendulu CSS is close to those of other foreign cites. At the confidence level of p 〈 0.01, good relationships exist between SS and COD, BOD5, NH4^＋ -N and TP, respectively, and the average proportion of particulate organic pollutant and nutrient is 70.21% .

关 键 词：合流制排水系统 降雨径流 城市非点源污染 水文 水质 苏州河 

分 类 号：X143[环境科学与工程—环境科学]