降解拟除虫菊酯类农药的缺陷假单胞菌的分离、鉴定及降解特性研究  

Isolation,identification and degradation characteristics of a Pseudomonas diminuta strain able to degrade pyrethriod pesticides

作　　者：廖敏[1,2] 张海军[1,2] 谢晓梅[3] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学环境与资源学院土水资源与环境研究所,杭州310029 [2]浙江省亚热带土壤与植物营养重点研究实验室,杭州310029 [3]浙江大学环境与资源学院生态环境研究中心,杭州310029

出　　处：《环境科学学报》2009年第7期1388-1394,共7页Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae

基　　金：浙江省科技计划项目(No.2006C33052)~~

摘　　要：采用室内培养试验的方法,从拟除虫菊酯类农药生产车间下水道驯化污泥中分离、筛选出1株可同时降解联苯菊酯、甲氰菊酯和氯氰菊酯的高效菌株M5R14,经鉴定为缺陷假单胞菌(pseudomonas diminuta),并对其生理特性进行研究.结果表明,该菌为革兰氏阴性好氧型球形杆菌,大小为(0.3 ～0.7)μm,能够以3种菊酯为唯一碳源进行生长.在通气、pH6.0 ～7.0、温度30℃、接菌量(OD415nm=0.2)和转速180 r.min-1的环境条件下,对含联苯菊酯、甲氰菊酯和氯氰菊酯各100 mg.L-1的混合培养基培养3d,发现该菌对这3种菊酯的降解效果最好,降解率分别为43.78%、43.91%和43.75%,且降解过程满足一级动力学方程模型,降解半衰期(t1/2)分别为97.6、106.6和101.9h.3种菊酯农药降解率与接菌量、通气量和振荡速率呈正相关.A bacterial strain labeled M5R14 was isolated from the sludge in the watercourse of the Pesticide Factory of Hangzhou, and was identified as Pseudomonas diminuta. The strain showed highly efficient degradation of bifenthrin, feupropathrin and cypermethrin. The physiological characteristics of the strain were investigated, and the bacterium is a gram-negative aerobic coccibacillus, of size 0.3 - 0.7 μm, which is capable of utilizing bifenthrin, fenpropathrin and cypermethrin as sole carbon sources. The degradation of bifenthrin, fenpropathrin and cypermethrin by strain M5R14 was highest under the conditions of aeration, 30℃, inoculation to OD415nm = 0.2, pH 6.0 - 7.0, pesticide concentration 100 mg·L^-1 and shaking speed 180 r·min^-1 Under such conditions, in culture medium with 100 mg·L^-1 bifenthrin, fenpropathrin and cypermethrin together, the degradation ratios are 43.78% , 43.91% and 43.75% after incubating for 3 days. Furthermore, the degradation processes fit a first-order kinetic equation and the half lives （t1/2 ） were 97.6, 106.6 and 101.9 h, respectively. The ability of Pseudomonas diminuta M5R14 to degrade bifenthrin, fenpropathrin and cypermethrin is positively correlated to the amount of inoculum, shaking speed and aeration.

关 键 词：拟除虫菊酯类农药 生物降解 缺陷假单胞菌 

分 类 号：X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学]