Semen analysis in chronic bacterial prostatitis： diagnostic and therapeutic implications  

作　　者：Vittorio Magri Florian M. E. Wagenlehner Emanuele Montanari Emanuela Marras Viviana Orlandi Antonella Restelli Erminio Torresani Kurt G. Naber Gianpaolo Perletti 

机构地区：[1]Urology and Sonography Primary Care Clinic, Hospital： ＂Istituti Clinici di Perfezionamento＂, Milano 20100, Italy [2]Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen 35390, Germany [3]Third Urological Clinic, San Paolo Hospital University of Milan, Milan 20142, Italy [4]Laboratory of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Department of Structural and Functional Biology, University of Insubria, Busto A. 21052, Italy [5]Laboratory of Molecular and Environmental Microbiology, Department of Structural and Functional Biology, University of lnsubria, Varese 21100, Italy [6]Microbiology Unit, Hospital： ＂Osp. Maggiore Policlinico Mangiagalli Regina Elena＂, Milano 20122, Italy [7]Technical University Munich, Munich 80333, Germany

出　　处：《Asian Journal of Andrology》2009年第4期461-477,共17页亚洲男性学杂志（英文版）

摘　　要：The significance and diagnostic value of semen analysis in chronic bacterial prostatitis has been extensively debated and remains controversial. To investigate the diagnostic relevance of semen culture in the bacteriological workup of prostatitis patients, we retrospectively analyzed a clinical database of 696 symptomatic patients. All patients were routinely subjected to a four-glass test, followed by semen culture and analysis. This allowed to dissect from the database three different diagnostic scenarios, and to compare the ＇two-glass＇ pre-/post- massage test and the standard ＇four-glass＇ test with a ＇five-glass＇ test （four-glass plus post-VB3 semen culture）. The ＇five-glass＇ test showed 3.6- or 6.5-fold increases in relative sensitivity and lesser reductions （-13.2% or -14.7%） in relative specificity for traditional uropathogens （TUs） compared with the four-glass or two-glass test, respectively. The area under the ROC curve and Jouden＇s index were increased, whereas positive and negative likelihood ratios were lower than comparators, indicating that the ＇five-glass＇ assay may be superior in confirming the negative outcome of both standard tests. The five-, four-, and two-glass tests detected TUs （Enterobacteriaceae, Enterococci, etc.） in 120, 33, and 20 patients and unusual pathogens （Streptococci, other Gram-positive species, Mycoplasmata, and others） in 130, 56, and 45 patients, respectively. When patients were subjected to pharmacological treatment, including a combination of a fluoroquinolone and a macrolide, no differences in eradication rates were observed between groups diagnosed with different tests, irrespective of pathogen category. Eradication was associated with long-term sign/symptom remission; no significant intergroup differences in sign/symptom scores were observed throughout a 24-month off-therapy follow-up period. In conclusion, our data support the usefulness of semen analysis in the diagnostic workup ofprostatitis patients when this test is used toThe significance and diagnostic value of semen analysis in chronic bacterial prostatitis has been extensively debated and remains controversial. To investigate the diagnostic relevance of semen culture in the bacteriological workup of prostatitis patients, we retrospectively analyzed a clinical database of 696 symptomatic patients. All patients were routinely subjected to a four-glass test, followed by semen culture and analysis. This allowed to dissect from the database three different diagnostic scenarios, and to compare the ＇two-glass＇ pre-/post- massage test and the standard ＇four-glass＇ test with a ＇five-glass＇ test （four-glass plus post-VB3 semen culture）. The ＇five-glass＇ test showed 3.6- or 6.5-fold increases in relative sensitivity and lesser reductions （-13.2% or -14.7%） in relative specificity for traditional uropathogens （TUs） compared with the four-glass or two-glass test, respectively. The area under the ROC curve and Jouden＇s index were increased, whereas positive and negative likelihood ratios were lower than comparators, indicating that the ＇five-glass＇ assay may be superior in confirming the negative outcome of both standard tests. The five-, four-, and two-glass tests detected TUs （Enterobacteriaceae, Enterococci, etc.） in 120, 33, and 20 patients and unusual pathogens （Streptococci, other Gram-positive species, Mycoplasmata, and others） in 130, 56, and 45 patients, respectively. When patients were subjected to pharmacological treatment, including a combination of a fluoroquinolone and a macrolide, no differences in eradication rates were observed between groups diagnosed with different tests, irrespective of pathogen category. Eradication was associated with long-term sign/symptom remission; no significant intergroup differences in sign/symptom scores were observed throughout a 24-month off-therapy follow-up period. In conclusion, our data support the usefulness of semen analysis in the diagnostic workup ofprostatitis patients when this test is used to

关 键 词：ALFUZOSIN AZITHROMYCIN chronic bacterial prostatitis chronic pelvic pain syndrome CIPROFLOXACIN Meares and Stamey test National Institutes of Health Chronic Prostatitis Symptom Index PROSTATITIS semen analysis seminal fluid Serenoa repens 

分 类 号：R697.33[医药卫生—泌尿科学]