鸭绿沙塘鳢胚胎壳膜结构的电镜观察  

Ultrastructure of Embryonic Chorion Surface in Dark Sleeper Odontobutis yaluensis

作　　者：王吉桥[1] 史建国[1] 姜玉声[1] 黄燕平 

机构地区：[1]大连水产学院生命科学与技术学院,辽宁大连116023 [2]北京水产科学研究所,北京100068

出　　处：《水产学杂志》2009年第2期1-5,共5页Chinese Journal of Fisheries

基　　金：辽宁省自然科学基金项目(2002215)

摘　　要：扫描电镜观察发现,鸭绿沙塘鳢(Odontobutis yaluensis)卵壳膜由卵柄和卵体两部分构成。卵柄基部为丝状纤维围成的直径200μm、高12.5μm的"圆盘状"结构,使卵子黏附在附着物上。卵柄基部正中有一直径为20μm的凹陷受精孔。卵柄丝为圆柱体。未受精卵子的系丝表面光滑,呈发散状向外扩散。随着胚胎发育,受精卵的系丝逐步拉长,直径变小,脆性增加。卵壳主要分为两层:内层具有卵膜孔,肌节出现后内膜孔直径为0.2～0.5μm,眼点出现后达到0.9～1.22μm,破膜前期为0.4μm,平均每100μm2有卵孔38个;卵膜外层规则地排布有直径为0.30～0.63μm的孔径。文中讨论了卵壳膜和受精孔的结构与受精卵孵化生态环境的统一。Uhrastrucuture of embryonic chorion surface in dark sleeper Odontobutis yaluensis was observed by scanning electron microscope. It was found that the ehorion is consisted of stalk （attachment apparatus） and body （egg itself）. The basement of ehorion stalk attaching to substratum is an adhesiive disc made of filaments about 200 μm in diameter and some 12.5 μm in height. There is a depression, micropylar region, with a diameter of about 20 μin the centre of the chorion stalk basement at the animal pole. The filaments of unfertilized eggs are round in shape while the filaments of fertilized ones become ellipsoidal and slender with development because of gravity. The chorion consists of two layers. In the inner layer, there were spiral pore canals changing with development, with a diameter of 0.2 - 0.5 μm in myomere formation, 0.9 - 1.22 μm in appearance of eyes, and 0.4 μm at prehatching and a density of 38 pores per 100 μm^2. There regularly are many small pores with 0.30 -0.63 μm in diameter in the outer layer of the chorion. Relationship between ultrastrucuture of the embryonic ehorion and the environmental conditions for incubation is discussed.

关 键 词：鸭绿沙塘鳢 卵膜 扫描电镜 

分 类 号：Q17[生物学—水生生物学]