碳化硅冶炼炉尾气回收安全实验及对策研究  

Research on safe experiment and strategies during tail gas recovery of SiC sythesis furnace

作　　者：田玉仙[1] 王晓刚[1] 张亚平[1] 吴敏焕[1] 王喜莲[1] 强军峰[1] 田欣伟[1] 

机构地区：[1]西安科技大学理学院,陕西西安710054

出　　处：《湖南科技大学学报（自然科学版）》2009年第2期74-78,共5页Journal of Hunan University of Science And Technology：Natural Science Edition

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(50174046);宁夏自治区科技攻关项目

摘　　要：针对SiC冶炼炉尾气收集过程可能存在的安全隐患,设计了喷炉实验和爆炸实验,研究了尾气回收时喷炉和尾气爆炸的原因、条件及危险度,探讨二者对尾气收集过程的影响,制定了安全集气措施.研究发现:SiC冶炼炉尾气中CO+H2+CH4的浓度高达90.4%～93.5%,可燃可爆,通过反应前期小功率供电置换炉内空气或反应前直接惰化集气空间,反应中后期引射炉内尾气但使炉压保持微正压状态,严防尾气泄露,操作间严禁烟火,即可预防燃气爆炸;在炉料严重偏硅、炉内透气性严重不均匀,且供电功率过大时,单芯炉容易喷炉;与SiC的开放冶炼相比,尾气回收延缓了喷炉的时间,提高了喷炉的功率,增加了喷炉的难度;多芯炉不易喷炉;喷炉时立即停炉并停止尾气收集,自然冷却或向集气罩喷洒惰性气体迅速冷却炉体后再拆炉,不会发生爆炸;按照正常操作规则,采用多芯炉冶炼SiC并收集尾气,较为安全.In view of that there were possible dangers in the process of taft gas recovery of SiC synthetic, the paper devised furnace eruption and explosion experiments, studies the causes,conditions and risk leading to furnace eruption and gaseous detonation, explored their effects on tail gas recovery, and established safe gas-gathering measures. It turned out that the concentration of CO＋H2＋CH4 of tail gas released from the SiC synthetic is 90.4% ～ 93.5%, which were combustible and explesive, but the explosion could be prevented by the way that in the earlier stage small power was supplied to replace the air in the furnace or before rcaetion the gas gathering space was fired with inert gas directly, and in the middle of and later stage the tail gas was drawn by using the aspirator pump but the gas pressure in the furnace was in the stage of micro-positive pressure, strictly prevent tail gas divulging and prohibit pyrotechnic of workshop; Furnace eruption casily appeared in the one-core furnace on the condition that MSiO2 of the furnace charge was far higher than that in the normal adjuvant, the gas permeabiRy in the furnace was unevenly distributed, and the supply power was too big, which under the same conditions, furnace eruption did not appear easily in the multi-core furnace; During the SiC synthesis, tail gas recovery delayed the time of furnace eruption, increased the furnace eruption power and added the diffeulty; when there was furnace eruption, explosion would not happen if the power and tail gas recovery could be stopped at once, the gas trap could be removed after the furnace cooled down naturaUy or the gas gathering space was filled with inert gas to make the furnace became cool quickly; and aecording to normal operation rules, it would be safer to use the multi-core furnace to synthesize SiC and coRect tail gas. 3figs., 4tabs., 6refs.

关 键 词：碳化硅 多芯妒 尾气收集 燃气爆炸 喷妒 

分 类 号：TQ11[化学工程—无机化工]