淀粉／微晶纤维素填充聚氨酯泡沫塑料的制备与力学性能  

Preparation and mechanical property of starch / microcrystalline cellulose filled polyurethane foams

作　　者：赵婷婷[1,2] 王建华[1,2] 梁书恩[2] 田春蓉[2] 贺传兰[2] 

机构地区：[1]西南科技大学材料科学与工程学院,绵阳621010 [2]中国工程物理研究院化工材料研究所,绵阳621900

出　　处：《化工新型材料》2009年第6期34-37,共4页New Chemical Materials

基　　金：中国工程物理研究院“双百人才工程”人选自选课题(ZX030703);四川省学术和技术带头人培养资金资助项目

摘　　要：利用模塑成型方法,在聚氨酯泡沫塑料中引入了淀粉和微晶纤维素两种易于生物降解的填料,制备了不同淀粉和微晶纤维素填充量的聚氨酯泡沫塑料,并研究了填料种类和用量对聚氨酯泡沫塑料力学性能的影响。确定了填料在聚氨酯泡沫塑料中的最大填充量,并发现填料的加入使得硬质聚氨酯泡沫塑料(RPUF)的冲击强度下降,当两种填料含量为40份时,RPUF的压缩强度均达到最大值;使得半硬质聚氨酯泡沫塑料(SRPUF)的拉伸强度升高;当两种填料含量为30份时,SRPUF的拉伸强度均达到最大值;淀粉和微晶纤维素含量分别为20份和10份时,两种SRPUF的断裂伸长率达到最大值。Starch and microcrystalline cellulose which are easy-biodegradable were filled in the molding of polyurethane foam and the polyurethane foams with different content of fillers was synthesized. Effects of the type and content of fillers on the mechanical properties of polyurethane foam were studied. The largest content of filler were determined. Both of the two fillers decreased the impact strength of rigid polyurethane foams （RPUFs） and the compressive strength of RPUFs reached the maximum when the fillers content exceeded 40g/100g polyol;The tensile strength of semi-rigid polyurethane foams （SRPUFs） increased with the addition of the fillers and reach the maximum when the fillers content exceeded 30g/100g polyol, the elongation at break of SRPUFs reached the maximum when the content of starch and microcrystalline cellulose were 20 and 30 g/100g respectively.

关 键 词：聚氨酯泡沫 生物降解 填充 力学性能 微晶纤维素 淀粉 

分 类 号：TQ328.3[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业] X783.5[环境科学与工程—环境工程]