白菜型油菜和诸葛菜远缘杂交的子房培养及杂种鉴定  

Studies on the intergeneric hybridization of Brassica campestris×Orychophragmus violaceus

作　　者：王爱云[1,2] 李栒[2] 胡大有[3] 

机构地区：[1]中南林业科技大学生命科学与技术学院,湖南长沙410004 [2]湖南农业大学油料作物研究所,湖南长沙410128 [3]湖南益阳职业技术学院,湖南益阳413039

出　　处：《中国油料作物学报》2009年第2期143-148,共6页Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences

基　　金：湖南省科技厅资助项目(05NK3046)

摘　　要：对白菜型油菜和诸葛菜正反属间杂交及杂交子房培养进行了研究。结果表明,以授粉后7d取子房进行离体培养其子房存活率和结籽率均较高。对于所使用的4种培养基,培养基A(MS+2.0mg.L-16-BA+0.2 mg.L-1NAA+500mg.L-1水解酪蛋白+0.5%活性炭)显示较好的效果,在杂交组合澧临白菜×诸葛菜中,其最高结籽率达2.56%。适宜的母本结合授粉后恰当的子房离体时间和合适的培养基成分有利于提高杂种的获得频率。通过子房培养,从杂交组合澧临白菜×诸葛菜获得的1株杂种植株,形态上显示出双亲的中间型。细胞学研究显示,该杂种小孢子和花粉发育呈现异常现象,花粉育性低。形态学和SSR分子鉴定表明,该杂种植株为真杂种。因此,通过有性杂交结合子房培养能够将诸葛菜的有益性状转入白菜型油菜中。Reciprocal crosses were carried out between B. campestris and O. violaceus through ovary culture. The results showed that higher ratio of survival ovary and seed setting rate were recorded when ovaries were cultured 7 days after pollination （DAP）. Among selected culture media, medium A （MS supplemented with 2.0mg·L^-1 6 -BA ＋0.2mg·L^-1 NAA ＋500mg·L^-1 casein hydrolysate ＋ 0.5% activated carbon） showed better ovaries resuits from all crosses, with the highest rate of seed setting per ovary of 2.56% in Lilinbaicai×O. violaceus. The combinations of suitable female and optimal DAP for excision and media components increased ratio of hybrids in ovary culture. The hybrid plant from Lilinbaicai×O. violaceus showed average morphological characteristics of their parents. Cytological studies showed that the development of microspore and pollen of the hybrid were abnormal,and the pollen fertility was poor. Morphological and SSR molecular identification showed the hybrid was true intergeneric hybrid. Thus, the desirable genes of 0. violaceus can be transferred to B. campestris by hybridization and ovary culture.

关 键 词：白菜型油菜 诸葛菜 属间杂交 子房培养 鉴定 

分 类 号：S565.403[农业科学—作物学]