中国伞形科独活属果实表面微形态特征及其分类学意义  

Micromorphological Features of Pericarp Surface of Heracleum(Apiaceae) in China and Its Taxonomic Significance

作　　者：邓贤兰[1] 任海燕[1] 逄云莉[1] 何兴金[1] 魏先芹[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川大学生命科学学院,成都610064

出　　处：《西北植物学报》2009年第6期1162-1169,共8页Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助(30670146);国家自然科技资源平台资助(2005DKA21403)

摘　　要：采用扫描电镜方法对中国伞形科独活属15个种的果实表面微形态特征进行了比较观察.结果表明:(1)多数种的外果皮表面细胞为凹陷型,细胞形状为4～6边形、不规则形和细胞轮廓不可见.(2)外果皮纹饰可分为网状纹饰和条状纹饰两类;多数种类具有尖囊状或带状表皮毛以及鳞片状或颗粒状的分泌物.(3)其微形态特征在独活属属下种间表现出丰富的多样性,可为种的划分提供重要的分类学依据.(4)结合形态学、孢粉学、细胞学和解剖学等特征对钝叶独活(H.candicans var.obtusifolium)和长裂叶独活(H.millefolium var.longilobum)的系统位置分析认为:将钝叶独活作为白亮独活的变种处理较恰当;将长裂叶独活作为种(H.longilobum)处理,系统位置在裂叶独活(H.millefolium)之后.In this paper, the micromorphological features of pericarp surface in 15 species of Heracleum L. in China were examined under SEM for the first time. The result shows that the pericarp surfaces cells of most species were pitting type. The shapes of cells were tetragon-hexagon,irregular-shaped and invisible outline of cell. The ornamentation of these species can be classified into two types：reticular ornamentation and strip ornamentation. Most species have pointed-saecate or ribbonlike epidermal hair and squamaceous or granulated secretions. The micromorphological features of pericarp surface exhibit abundant diversities among species of Heracleum, which is evaluated as the important factors of taxology for delimitation of species of Heracleum. According to the micromorphological features of pericarp surface, the phylogenetic location of H. millefolium var. longilobum and H. candicans var. obtusifolium were separately analyzed with external morphological, palynological,cytological and anatomical features. We considered that is reasonable to regard H. candicans var. obtusifolium as a variety of H. candicans,and take H. millefolium var. longilobum as species. H. longilobum whose phylogenetic location is after H. millefolium.

关 键 词：独活属 果实 扫描电镜 微形态特征 

分 类 号：Q949.763.6[生物学—植物学] Q248