基于处方图的变量施肥作业系统设计与实现  

Development and performance assessment of map-based variable rate granule application system

作　　者：孟志军[1] 赵春江[1] 刘卉[2] 黄文倩[1] 付卫强[1] 王秀[1] 

机构地区：[1]国家农业信息化工程技术研究中心,北京100097 [2]首都师范大学信息工程学院,北京100048

出　　处：《江苏大学学报（自然科学版）》2009年第4期338-342,共5页Journal of Jiangsu University：Natural Science Edition

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划项目(2006AA10A306);北京市自然科学基金资助项目(4072011);国家科技支撑计划项目(2008BAB38B06)

摘　　要：设计一种由机载作业控制终端、DGPS、变量施肥控制器、电液比例阀及液压马达系统、地速信号采集单元和辅助平行作业导航单元等组成的变量施肥作业系统.设计基于PC104 CPU模块的机载作业控制终端并开发了基于处方图的变量作业控制和辅助导航软件.采用TI 2407型DSP开发变量施肥控制器,实现对阀控液压马达系统转速的闭环增量式PID控制算法.通过田间试验分析了系统的作业性能,结果表明:75 kg/hm2和225 kg/hm2两个常量施肥试验的施肥变异系数分别为16.83%和8.08%,与目标施肥量相比,平均施肥误差分别为2.98%和1.05%;0到375 kg/hm2的变量施肥试验表明,系统施肥位置滞后约为3.57 m,施肥变化延迟时间约为1.84 s.A kind of map-based variable rate granule application system consisting of field computer, DGPS, main controller, electro-hydraulic proportional valve, hydraulic motor, ground speed measurement module and parallel guidance light bar was developed. By using PC 104 CPU module and variable rate control, guidance software was developed based on embedded COM - GIS. TI 2407 DSP was chosen as micro-controller for main controller and an improved PID control arithmetie for granule application rate control was developed. System characteristics were evaluated through infield testing. Result shows the application rates with coefficient of variation of 16.83% for the 75 kg/hm^2 and 8.08% for 225 kg/hm^2 respectively. Compared with target application rate, the average application error is 2.98% and 1.05% respectively. Test case of variable-rate application from a low rate （0 kg/hm^2） to high rate （375 kg/hm^2） has been done to test system dynamic characteristics. Result shows that lag distance is 3.57 m and system delay time is about 1.84 s.

关 键 词：变量施肥 处方图 电液比例控制 DGPS GIS 

分 类 号：TP7[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置] S147.2[自动化与计算机技术—控制科学与工程]