利用孤雌生殖对核桃进行遗传纯化初探  

Study on Walnut Genetic Purification Utilizing Parthenogenesis

作　　者：王国安[1] 虎海防 张强[1] 阿卜杜许库尔.牙合甫 

机构地区：[1]新疆林业科学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830063

出　　处：《经济林研究》2009年第2期88-92,共5页Non-wood Forest Research

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区自然基金项目"核桃早实性基因图谱的构建"资助

摘　　要：通过人工隔离诱导实现新疆早实核桃的孤雌生殖,孤雌生殖频率达8.17%～69.44%,且播种后孤雌生殖核桃出苗率可达5.26%～80%。研究过程中发现的品种核桃天然孤雌生殖植株,通过人工套袋隔离促其孤雌生殖,获得2株生长正常的孤雌生殖核桃播种苗。采用RAPD技术对孤雌品种进行鉴定,共用55条引物对其4个材料(914母本、914孤雌、914单株-1、914单株-2)进行扩增,结果表明这四个材料均无差异带出现,说明所有供试材料在基因组的大约450多个位点扩增的DNA片段没有差异,证明914孤雌单株与其母本无显著差异、为纯化基因型植株。利用孤雌生殖开展核桃优良品种遗传纯化,可最大限度地缩短纯化周期,为林木遗传纯化开拓一条快捷、高效、实用的新途径。The parthenogenesis frequency of Xinjiang precocious walnut, which were induced by artificial isolation, reached 8. 17%- 69. 44% and emergence rate of parthenogenesis walnut after planting reached 5.26%-80%. Two normal parthenogenesis seedlings were obtained by artificial bagging isolation. Parthenogenesis cultivars were identified and amplified using RAPD technology and 55 primers. The result showed that there was no significant difference among 450 fragments of DNA in four materials. The use of parthenogenesis to carry out genetic purification of fine varieties of walnut may be shortened to maximize the purification cycle, for the trees to open up a genetic purification of fast, efficient and useful new way.

关 键 词：核桃品种 孤雌生殖 遗传纯化 

分 类 号：S664.1[农业科学—果树学]