木枣优良株系的选择研究  

Superior clones selected from Muzao cultivar( Ziziphus jujuba)

作　　者：高文海[1] 李新岗[1] 王长柱[2] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学林学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]西北农林科技大学园艺学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《果树学报》2009年第4期481-486,共6页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：国家"十一.五"科技支撑(2006BAD01A1701);陕西省农业攻关项目(2005K01-G12-04)

摘　　要：木枣是陕晋黄河沿岸黄土高原丘陵枣区的主要栽培品种。以优质、丰产、抗裂、抗病为目标,选择收集29个木枣无性系进行集中栽培,2005年对5a生木枣无性系的结果性状、抗病性、抗裂果性和果实品质(制干率、含酸量、含糖量等)等进行调查和测试。并以单株产量、落果率、裂果指数、发病指数、制干率、单果质量和含糖量为指标,通过综合比较和评价,遴选出丰产性好的无性系3个,高制干率的无性系10个,抗裂果的无性系11个,抗锈病的无性系3个,高含糖量的无性系9个和综合性状优良的无性系1个(C-12)。无性系C-12原产清涧县舍余里,丰产性极强,落果轻,制干品质优良、抗裂果、中度抗枣锈病。Muzao （Ziziphus jujuba Mill.） is the leading jujube cultivar grown in the reaches of the Yellow River flowing be-tween Shaanxi and Shanxi Provinces. 29 selected clones of Muzao were grafted, tested and evaluated since 2002. Judged by the integrated biological characters of the tree （beating habit, yield, hardiness, resistance to diseases） and fruit characteris- tics, including fruit size, appearance, sugar, acidity, ascorbic acid content, suitability for fresh eating and dried process- ing, cracking and dried fruit rate and quality 3 clones of high yield, 10 clones of high dried rate, 11 clones of fruit-crack resistance, 3 clones of resistance to rust-diseases, 9 clones of high sugar content, and 1 clone of superior integrated traits （C-12） were selected. Clone C-12, the best clone has the characteristics of higher drying rate, lower fruit-dropping rate and extreme fruit-cracking resistance. Some precious breeding materials were also found.

关 键 词：木枣 无性系 优系选择 

分 类 号：S665.1[农业科学—果树学]