典型黑土区水土保持林对土壤可蚀性的影响  

Effect of Soil and Water Conservation Forests on Soil Erodibility in Typical Black Soil Region

作　　者：史长婷[1] 王恩姮[1] 陈祥伟[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学林学院,哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2009年第3期25-28,33,共5页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30872068);黑龙江省重大科技攻关项目(GA06B302-3)

摘　　要：以典型黑土区水曲柳林、落叶松林、樟子松林、云杉林及开垦50 a的耕地土壤为对象,通过对土壤水稳性团聚体特征、土粒静水崩解能力以及有机质含量等指标的测定与分析,研究了水土保持林对土壤可蚀性的影响。结果表明：0-30 cm土层范围内,林分对土壤水稳性团聚体组成的影响,主要表现为提高较大粒级团聚体的比例,显著增加PA0.25、降低团聚体破坏率（P〈0.05）;林地土壤水稳性指数显著提高（P〈0.05）,增加幅度达4.46～7.92倍;林地内表层土壤有机质含量较耕地相对提高了32.6%～62.7%,差异显著（P〈0.05）;可以认为水土保持林能够有效降低土壤可蚀性,并以阔叶水曲柳林的作用效果最为显著。该结果为进一步研究典型黑土区水土保持林的构建与调控技术提供了参考。The soil erodibility of 50-year tillage and four kinds of soil and water conservation forests in typical black soil region, such as Manchurian Ash （Fraxinus mandshurica）, Dahurian Larch （Larix gmelini）, Scots Pine （Pinus sylvestris vat. mongolica）, Korean Spruce （Picea koraiensis）, were studied by measuring and analyzing the characters of soil water-stable aggregates, capacity of soil collapse, and organic matter content. Results showed that, in 0--30 cm soil, the percentage of larger size aggregates of the four stands all get increased, PA0.26 and PAD0.25 was significantly increased and decreased separately（P〈0.05）. Soil water stability index in stands was significantly enhanced, with 4.46 - 7.92 times more than that in tillage （P〈 0.05）. Organic matter content of top soil in forest land was relatively increased from 32.6% to 62.7% compared with tillage significantly（P〈0.05）. Thus we conclude that soil and water conservation forests can reduce soil erodibility, especially for the Manchurian Ash plantation. It can provide theoretical basis and referenee for soil and water conservation forest construction and management in typical black soil region.

关 键 词：典型黑土 土壤可蚀性 水土保持林 水稳性指数 团聚体 

分 类 号：S157.1[农业科学—土壤学] S714.7[农业科学—农业基础科学]