黔西北喀斯特区植被自然恢复演替过程中物种多样性研究  

Study on the Species Diversity during the Natural Succession of Degraded Karst Vegetation in Northwest Guizhou

作　　者：陈坤浩[1] 谢永贵 沈有信[3] 余刚国 

机构地区：[1]毕节学院环境与生命科学系,贵州毕节551700 [2]贵州省毕节地区林业科学研究所,贵州毕节551700 [3]中国科学院西双版纳热带植物园,云南昆明650223

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2009年第23期11076-11078,11083,共4页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划(2007BAD53B00)

摘　　要：以空间代替时间方法研究了黔西北喀斯特地区植被自然恢复演替过程中草本群落阶段、藤刺灌丛阶段、灌乔林阶段、次生乔林阶段和顶级群落阶段的物种多样性,分析各阶段群落的物种组成,应用物种丰富度、Simpson指数、Shannon指数和Pielou均匀度指数研究各阶段草本层、灌木层、乔木层的物种多样性。结果表明,在植被演替过程中,乔木层物种丰富度逐渐增加,灌木层和草本层的物种丰富度在藤刺灌丛阶段达到最大值,以后随着乔木树种的发展而迅速下降;草本层的Simpson指数和Shannon-Wiener指数在不同阶段上升后下降,藤刺灌丛阶段达到峰值,顶级群落阶段最低,Pielou均匀度指数在草本群落阶段最高,且在藤刺灌丛阶段、灌乔过渡阶段及次生乔林阶段波动不大,顶级群落阶段最低;灌木层各项测度指标在不同演替阶段变化规律一致,但峰值时期不同,Simpson指数和Shannon-Wiener指数在灌乔过渡阶段达到峰值,Pielou均匀度指数则在藤刺灌丛阶段达到最高;乔木层Shannon-Wiener指数、Simpson指数和Pielou均匀度指数在次生乔林阶段均略高于顶级群落阶段,可能与次生乔林阶段伐薪等人为干扰严重有关。By using spatial method in stead of temporal method, the species diversity in grass （G） stage, liana and thorny shrub （LS） stage, shrub and young tree （ST） stage, secondary forest （SF） stage and latter forest （LF） stage during the natural succession of degraded karst vegetation in Northwest Guizhou were studied. The species composition of different successional stages was analyzed, including richness, Simpson index, Sharmon index and Pielou evenness of grass, shrub and tree layers. Richness of trees went up during the successional process, but richness for shrub layer and grass layer peaked at LS stage and then went down. For grass layer, Simpson and Shannon - Wiener index were the highest at LS stage and the lowest at LF stage, and Pielou index was the highest at G stage and then changed slowly to get the lowest point at LF stage. For shrub layer, the three indices took almost the same changing pattern, however Simpson and Shannon - Wiener index peaked at ST stage and Pielou index peaked at LS stage. For tree layer, all the three indices of SF stage was little higher than indices of LF stage, which may related to the disturbances and fuel harvesting at SF stage.

关 键 词：黔西北 喀斯特 自然演替 物种组成 物种多样性 

分 类 号：X176[环境科学与工程—环境科学]