赤泥综合利用及其放射性调控技术初探  

Comprehensive Utilization of Red Mud and Control Techniques of Radioactive Issues

作　　者：黄迎超[1,2] 王宁[1] 万军 林剑[1] 刘邦煜[1,2] 顾汉念[1,2] 李和平[1] 田元江[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地球化学研究所,贵阳550002 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100049 [3]贵州省建筑材料科研设计院,贵阳550007

出　　处：《矿物岩石地球化学通报》2009年第2期128-130,共3页Bulletin of Mineralogy, Petrology and Geochemistry

基　　金：贵阳市科技计划项目;固体废物处理与资源化省部共建教育部重点实验室基金项目

摘　　要：赤泥是氧化铝生产过程中的工业废弃物,目前尚没有对其进行大规模利用的成熟技术。本文通过对赤泥综合利用研究现状及发展趋势的调研和分析,指出最有希望能充分利用赤泥的领域是建筑材料行业,但高放射性是制约其在此领域应用的技术瓶颈。贵州某铝厂赤泥的放射性、物质组成和化学成分分析结果表明,赤泥的放射性主要由原料铝土矿带入,在氧化铝生产过程中逐步富集而成。在此结果上,提出了降低赤泥放射性的一种可行途径:采用重选、磁选、电选、浮选将含放射性元素从赤泥中分离殆尽。Red mud is a type of solid waste generated during alumina production from bauxite. How to dispose and utilize red mud in a large-scale is yet a question with no satisfied answer. This paper reviewed the development and the trend of red mud disposal and utilization, and proposed that the most feasible way to utilize red mud is in the building material field. However, high radioactivity restricts red mud from large-scale application in this field. Chemical composition, mineral composition, and radioactivity analyses for red mud of a Guizhou aluminum plant implied that radioactivity of red mud mainly derived from bauxite and enriched during alumina production. By the end, we proposed a possible way to reduce radioactive by surface modification, gravity selection, electromagnetic selection, and electrostatic separation to isolate radioactive components.

关 键 词：赤泥 环境矿物学 放射性 建筑材料 铝土矿 

分 类 号：X758[环境科学与工程—环境工程]