重庆市主城居民恶性肿瘤死亡的流行病学特征及趋势分析  

Epidemiology and variation trend of the malignant tumor mortality among residents of urban in Chongqing municipal

作　　者：毛德强[1] 冯连贵[1] 潘传波[2] 汪新丽[1] 汪强[2] 张春华[1] 苏培学 李洪[1] 

机构地区：[1]重庆市疾病预防控制中心,400042 [2]重庆市渝中区疾病预防控制中心,400010

出　　处：《重庆医学》2009年第14期1715-1717,共3页Chongqing medicine

摘　　要：目的了解重庆市主城区居民的恶性肿瘤死亡的流行病学特征及变化趋势，为恶性肿瘤的防治工作提供参考依据。方法按照全国第3次死因回顾抽样调查方案，对2004～2005年重庆市渝中区以恶性肿瘤为主的死因进行回顾性抽样调查，分析主要恶性肿瘤死亡率、标化死亡率、死亡构成、截缩率、累积率等指标，并与全国和历史水平进行比较。结果渝中区居民恶性肿瘤2年平均粗死亡率和标化死亡率分别为145．28／10万和78．84／10万，截缩率和累积率分别为126．29／10万和11．24％；是总死亡原因的第1位死因，占总死亡的23．13％。居前5住的恶性肿瘤死亡依次为肺癌、肝癌、结直肠癌、胃癌和食管癌；男性和女性标化死亡率分别为105．20／10万和52．03／10万，男性标化率明显高于女性（u=10．73，P〈0．01）。肺癌是重庆市城市居民恶性肿瘤的首要死因，它占恶性肿瘤死亡的37．17％，是第2位死因肝癌的2．59倍。渝中区恶性肿瘤的死亡率、标化死亡率低于全国平均水平，与该区全国第2次死因调查（1990～1992年）的173．85／10万比较有所下降，主要恶性肿瘤肺癌的死亡率低于第2次死因调查的58．74／10万，低于1991～2000年间的63．44／10万。结论重庆市主城居民以肺癌为主的恶性肿瘤死亡水平呈逐步下降趋势，可能与环境污染治理等措施初见成效有关，建立完善的监测系统是制订相关策略和措施的依据，也是进行评估的基础。Objective To explore epidemiology and variation trend of malignant tumor death among residents of urban in Chongqing,and provide reference to malignant tumor prevention and control. Methods According to the Third National Retrospective Survey Program for Causes of Death,the retrospective survey of causes of malignant tumor death was performed in Yuzhong District,Chongqing during 2004 to 2005. Results The mean crude mortality of malignant tumor from 2004 to 2005 was 145.28 per 100 000,the standardized mortality was 78.84 per 100 000,the mortality from 35 to 64 years old was 126.29 per 100 000,and the accumulative rate was 11.24%. The malignant tumor ranked as the first cause of all deaths,and its proportion in all deaths was 23.13%. The top five causes of death in all malignant tumors were cancer of lung,liver cancer,carcinoma of colon and rectum,carcinoma of stomach,carcinoma of esophagus. The male and female standard mortality was 105.20 per 100 000 and 52.03 per 100 000, the male was much higher than the female （u= 10.73, P〈0.01）. Lung cancer was the first cause of death among residents of urban in Chongqing,its proportion in all malignant tumor was 37.17% ,it was 2.59 fold as liver cancer. The standard malignant tumor mortality among urban in Chongqing was lower than the national level,and was decreased from 173.85 per 100 000 in 1990-1992. The lung cancer mortality in 2004-2005 was lower than the mortality（58.74 per 100 000） in 1990-1992,and was lower than the mortality （63.44 per 100 000 in 1991-2000. Conclusion The mortality of malignant tumors show a decreasing trend from 1990-1992 to 2004-2005. The clearing up to environmental pollution is effective. Establishing a perfective monitoring system can be helpful to make out some good strategies and methods for prevention and control the malignant tumor.

关 键 词：恶性肿瘤 流行病学特征 趋势 

分 类 号：R73-31[医药卫生—肿瘤]