滦河下游河道生态需水量  

Ecological water requirements in the lower reaches of Luanhe Basin

作　　者：王伟[1] 杨晓华[1] 王银堂[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学水环境模拟国家重点实验室,北京100875 [2]南京水利科学研究院,江苏南京210029

出　　处：《水科学进展》2009年第4期560-565,共6页Advances in Water Science

基　　金："十一五"国家科技支撑计划资助项目(2006BAB14B02);国家重点基础研究发展计划(973)资助项目(2003CB415204)~~

摘　　要：为量化水库下游河道生态修复所需水量，以滦河下游潘家口水库一滦河口为研究样区，采用逐月频率法和生态水力学法估算河道生态需水量，既具有水文学方法的简便，又考虑生物学特性，强调了水文一生态的联系。通过对研究区河道1956～2000年生态、水文及水力资料的分析计算，结果表明：①逐月频率法和生态水力学法在计算滦河下游河道生态需水中均合理；②最小、适宜、理想等级年生态需水量分别为4.29亿，8.93亿和16.29亿m^3，分别占河道天然径流量的10.18％、21.21％和38.68％；③年内汛期8月份及生物繁殖期（4～6月）需水量分别达到年度总量的33.5％和11.5％。Based on the methods of the ecological water requirements （EWRs） at home and abroad, this paper takes the area from Panjiakou reservoir to Luanhe estuary of Luanhe Basin as the typical area to determine the water allocations of the river e- cological restoration in reservoirs＇ downstream. EWRs are calculated with the month-by-month frequency method and eco-hydraulics method. The methods can describe EWRs according to seasons and grades, meanwhile emphasize the relationship between hydrology and ecology. Through the analysis of the ecological, hydrological and hydraulic data from the studied area from 1956 to 2000, the results indicate that： （1） The month-by-month frequency method and eco-hydraulics method are both reasonable in calculating EWRs in the Lower reaches of Luanhe Basin; （2） The minimum, medium and ideal level of annual EWRs are 4.29 x 10^8,8.93 x 10^8 and 16.29 x 10^8m^3, about 10.18%, 21.21% and 38.68% of the natural river discharge respectively; And （3） the ratio of the monthly ecological flows should be 33.5% in the flood period （August） and 11.5% in the biological propagation period in spring （April-June）.

关 键 词：生态需水量 逐月频率法 生态水力学法 滦河下游 河道 

分 类 号：X171.1[环境科学与工程—环境科学]