一类两层双渠道供应链的库存系统优化与协调  

Optimization and Coordination of Inventory System in a Two-echelon Dual-channel Supply Chain

作　　者：许传永[1] 梁樑[1] 苟清龙[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学技术大学管理学院,安徽合肥230026

出　　处：《预测》2009年第4期66-70,共5页Forecasting

基　　金：国家杰出青年基金资助项目(70525001);国家自然科学基金资助项目(70821001)

摘　　要：B2C(Business to Customer)电子商务迅速发展,很多企业开始在传统零售渠道之外开展网上直销,为此双渠道分销系统日益受到工业界和学术界重视。本文研究一类两层双渠道供应链的库存系统优化与协调问题。制造商通过直销和零售两个渠道销售产品,需求是相互独立的Poisson流。制造商和零售商都使用one-for-one库存策略。给出了制造商和零售商的单位产品的平均成本和系统单位时间平均成本的计算方法。提出一种分散控制下的库存决策协调机制,给出了优化控制变量——制造商的缺货等待成本参数的计算公式。Dual-channel distribution systems are receiving more and more attention from industries and academies nowadays as the B2C （ Business to Customer） E-commerce is expanding fast and many companies become involved in direct online sales. This paper studies the optimization and coordination of a two-echelon dual-channel supply chain inventory system. The manufacturer at the top echelon sells its product both through a traditional retail channel and a direct online channel. Both channels face independent Poisson demand. One-for-one replenishment policy is assumed. An exact evaluation of average costs per unit at the manufacturer and the retailer is obtained. Moreover, the system coordination mechanism under decentralized control is analyzed. This paper proposes an effective control mechanism to coordinate the supply chain using an artificial manufacturer＇ s shortage waiting cost parameter.

关 键 词：双渠道 多层库存系统 分散型供应链 协调 

分 类 号：F274[经济管理—企业管理]