基于目标种保护的生态廊道构建——以崇明岛为例  

Ecological corridor construction based on target species protection:A case study of Chongming Island

作　　者：郭纪光[1] 蔡永立[1] 罗坤[1] 左俊杰[1] 刘志国[1] 倪静雪[1] 

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学资源与环境学院城市化生态过程与生态恢复上海市重点试验室,上海200062

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2009年第8期1668-1672,共5页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：上海市科学技术委员会"登山行动计划"崇明生态岛建设重大项目(06DZ12303);上海市科技攻关资助项目(08DZ1205601)

摘　　要：景观破碎化和适宜生境面积减少是生物多样性降低与物种灭绝的重要因素之一。生态廊道的构建为陆行野生动物扩大活动范围提供了空间途径,从而增加了物种基因交流的机会,提高了种群的生存能力。上海市崇明岛是一个地理上孤立的冲积沙岛,随着岛上森林斑块的减少与破碎化,依赖林地生境生存的陆行动物个体与种群数量大大减少。本文以崇明岛为例,选择上海市一级保护动物刺猬作为目标种,在分析其生活习性和基质斑块空间分布特征的基础上,利用最小耗费模型和GIS手段,实现了生境斑块之间的最佳连接,建立了以目标动物保护为目的的生态廊道规划方案。Landscape fragmentation and habitat loss are widely recognized as the major threats to the biodiversity decrease and species extinction. In order to widen wildlife＇ s living area, ecological corridors have been built between fragmented habitats, which can not only stimulate gene exchange, but also improve species viability in fragmented habitats. Chongming Island, as an isolated deposition sand island of Shanghai, is significantly threatened by the decrease and fragmentation of forest patches. As a result, a great number of terrestrial animals whose living depends on forest habitats are tended to be extinct. In this paper, we chose hedgehog （Erinaceus europaeus）, the first class protected animal, as the target species. Based on the analysis of its living behavior and matrix＇ s spatial distribution, this paper adopted the least-cost model and Geographic Information System （GIS） to help finding the best corridor between the living habitats of E. europaeus. It was found that this method could provide a scientific basis for the ecological corridors＇ planning and construction with the purpose of terrestrial wild animal conservation.

关 键 词：生态廊道 最小耗费模型 目标种保护 景观规划 

分 类 号：X171.4[环境科学与工程—环境科学]