铜锈环棱螺对镉污染沉积物慢性胁迫的生物标志物响应  

Biomarker responses of Bellamya aeruginosa to the chronic stress of cadmium-contaminated sediment

作　　者：马陶武[1] 周科[1] 朱程[1] 刘佳[1] 王子健[2] 

机构地区：[1]吉首大学生物资源与环境科学学院,吉首416000 [2]中国科学院生态环境研究中心环境水质学国家重点实验室,北京100085

出　　处：《环境科学学报》2009年第8期1750-1756,共7页Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(No. 20677021);吉首大学科研基金项目~~

摘　　要：沉积物毒性测试是评价水生态系统中沉积物污染生态风险的重要手段.建立合适的毒性测试生物是进行沉积物毒性测试的基本前提.铜锈环棱螺(Bellamyaaeruginosa)在我国淡水水体中分布广泛,具有重要的生态价值.本研究将实验室培养的铜锈环棱螺暴露于不同含量的镉加标沉积物中28d,以评价该物种在镉污染沉积物慢性胁迫下生物标志物响应的敏感性.结果表明,除了谷胱甘肽(GSH)相对不敏感外,壳长增长率、肝胰脏超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)、以及肝胰脏和肾脏中的金属硫蛋白(MT)均表现出相对较高的敏感性,可用作重金属污染沉积物慢性胁迫的有效生物标志物.尤其是肝胰脏SOD和CAT可以用作指示低水平镉污染沉积物长期污染胁迫下的敏感生物标志物.此外,该物种的实验室培养和毒性测试操作容易进行,可以考虑将铜锈环棱螺作为我国淡水沉积物毒性评价的候选物种.Sediment toxicity tests have become an important tool for assessing ecological risks of sediment contamination in aquatic ecosystems. A prerequisite for such tests is to identify satisfactory test species. In China, Bellamya aeruginosa is widely distributed as a dominant community member in aquatic ecosystems. In this study, mature B. aeruginosa were exposed for 28 d to sediments artificially spiked with cadmium （ Cd ） to evaluate their response sensitivity as biomarkers to the chronic stress of Cd-eontaminated sediment. The results showed that the shell length growth rate, superoxide dismutase （SOD） , catalase （CAT） and metallothionein （MT） , but not glutathione （GSH）, were highly sensitive to Cd stress, and hepatopancreatic SOD and CAT were especially sensitive to the chronic stress of low levels of sediment Cd. Additionally, B. aeruginosa was successfully cultured under laboratory conditions and readily handled in the toxicity tests, so this species is recommended as a potential candidate for the assessment of sediment toxicity in China.

关 键 词：沉积物 壳长增长率 抗氧化防御系统 金属硫蛋白 肝胰脏 肾脏 

分 类 号：X171.5[环境科学与工程—环境科学]