城镇发展的可持续性评价方法及其应用  

Development and application of an assessment model to evaluate the sustainability of a town

作　　者：崔胜辉[1] 石龙宇 林剑艺[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院城市环境与健康重点实验室,城市环境研究所,厦门361021

出　　处：《环境科学学报》2009年第8期1757-1764,共8页Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(No. 40701059);厦门市科技计划项目(No.3502Z20072002)~~

摘　　要：采用多目标评价方法构建以发展度、协调度和支撑度为评价指标的评价模型,对城镇发展的可持续性进行评价.运用层次分析法,从人口、社会和经济等方面建立评价指标体系,评估人工生态系统的发展度和协调度,将资源和环境状况作为"支撑度"指标评估自然生态系统的可持续性,进而计算城镇发展的综合可持续性水平.以福建省铁山镇为例,应用该模型进行评价.结果表明,铁山镇发展的可持续性水平为0.617(取值范围0～1),属于中等可持续水平,水环境污染是最主要的瓶颈因素.该评价方法可以辨识城镇发展的可持续性,为城镇产业发展的方向和规模等提供决策依据.Sustainability assessment is a fundamental guide for the sustainable development of a town. Town ecosystems are comprised of both artificial ecosystems （ such as population, society, economy, etc. ） and natural ecosystems （ such as resources, the environment, etc. ） which form a unified whole through energy, material and information transmission and interaction. In this paper, we used three indexes- ＂ development degree＂, ＂ coordination degree＂ and ＂supporting degree＂-in a multi-objective method to build a model to evaluate town sustainability. The AHP method was used to estimate the development and coordination degree for artificial ecosystems, while the situations of bottleneck elements in natural ecosystems were used to assess the supporting degree. In this way, integrated town sustainability was obtained. A case study of Tieshan Town, Fujian Province showed that the sustainability level of Tieshan Town was 0. 617, which was in the moderate range. Water pollution was the most important bottleneck factor restricting sustainable development. The assessment method could directly identify the sustainable level of the town, and provide appropriate scale and decision - making directions for industrial development.

关 键 词：城镇发展 可持续性评价 评价方法 瓶颈要素 铁山镇 

分 类 号：X171[环境科学与工程—环境科学]