新疆阿勒泰地区图瓦人与邻近人群遗传关系初探  

Genetic relationships between Tuva population and the neighboring populations in the Altai Region of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region

作　　者：张永科[1] 陈争[1] 范安[2] 张亚男[3] 武艳平[4] 赵倩君[4] 周璨林[5] 毛新民[5] 藏玉亮[6] 叶尔哈孜.扎尔胡马尔 哈森别克.马力克 哈布德力.达拉拜依 卡马力亚.托塔哈孜 梁玲[6] 古力努尔.叶尔肯 马月辉[4] 饶绍奇[2,7] 

机构地区：[1]中山大学中山医学院医学遗传学教研室,广州510080 [2]中山大学公共卫生学院医学统计与流行病学系,广州510080 [3]中山大学附属第三医院不育与性医学科,广州510080 [4]中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所,北京100193 [5]新疆医科大学生物教研室,乌鲁木齐830054 [6]新疆阿勒泰地区疾病预防控制中心,阿勒泰市836000 [7]首都医科大学生物医学工程学院,北京100069

出　　处：《遗传》2009年第8期818-824,共7页Hereditas（Beijing)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(编号:30830104;30640028;30570424);中山大学985"百人计划"科研启动基金项目(编号:3171310);广东省自然科学基金项目(编号:8251008901000007)资助

摘　　要：在中国新疆阿勒泰地区哈纳斯景区内,生活着一个特殊的人群——新疆图瓦人。他们在50年代初期第一次民族识别过程中被认定为蒙古族,但他们自认为与蒙古人具有不同的历史渊源。为了探讨新疆图瓦人的族源问题和阐明其与邻近人群的遗传学关系,文章采集了新疆阿勒泰地区150份男性图瓦人样本,对其Y染色体非重组区的14个标记位点进行了分型,构建了11种单倍型群。结果显示,新疆图瓦人具有高频率的K*-M9和Q*-M242单倍型群,这两个单倍型群在俄罗斯图瓦人中也具有较高的频率,而在蒙古人群和哈萨克人群中的频率则较低。主成分分析和多维尺度分析均显示新疆图瓦人与蒙古人和哈萨克人遗传上相隔较远。系统分子进化分析也表明新疆图瓦人位于与周围人群相隔较远的分化枝上。依据这些结果,文章认为新疆图瓦人是与邻近人群如蒙古人和哈萨克人有较大遗传差异的人群。In the Hanasi scenic spot of the Altai Region, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China, there is a special population known as Xinjiang Tuvinians for short. These Tuvinians were classified as Mongolians in the early 1950s by the National Ethnic Affairs Commission of China, but they claimed that they have an independent origin. To resolve this dispute and their genetic relationships with the people in the neighboring regions, we randomly selected 150 male Tuvinians in the Altai Region. Fourteen Y chromosomal markers were genotyped and eleven haplogroups were constructed. The frequencies of the haplogroups K＊-M9 and Q＊-M242 were higher in Xinjiang Tuvinians or Tuvinians in the Tuva Republic than those in the other populations （e.g., Mongolians and Kazakh）. Principal component analysis, multi-dimensional scaling analysis and further phylogenetic tree analysis revealed that the Xinjiang Tuvinians were far separated from Mongolians and Kazakh. Based on these results, we proposed that Xinjiang Tuvinians are genetically distinct from Mongolians and Kazakh.

关 键 词：图瓦人 Y染色体 SNPS 单倍型群 系统分子进化分析 

分 类 号：Q987[生物学—遗传学] S513[生物学—人类学]