甘蓝型油菜发芽种子耐湿性的主基因+多基因遗传分析  

Genetic Analysis of Waterlogging Tolerance for Germinated Seeds of Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) with Mixed Model of Major Gene Plus Polygene

作　　者：丛野[1] 程勇[1] 邹崇顺[1] 张学昆[1] 王汉中[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院油料作物研究所,湖北武汉430062

出　　处：《作物学报》2009年第8期1462-1467,共6页Acta Agronomica Sinica

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)项目(2006AA10Z1C2);国家科技支撑计划项目(2006BAD07A04);中国农业科学院油料作物研究所所长基金项目资助

摘　　要：油菜湿害是我国特有的自然灾害,对油菜种子发芽、出苗和幼苗生长造成严重影响,导致单产显著下降。为研究油菜种子发芽耐湿性的遗传规律,本文利用耐湿性遗传差异较大的2个甘蓝型油菜纯系中双9号和GH01的杂交后代衍生的世代家系群体构建油菜耐湿性遗传体系,并以主基因+多基因家系世代联合分析方法对油菜耐湿性的遗传规律进行分析。结果表明,中双9号×GH01组合的耐湿性的遗传受2对完全显性主基因+加性-显性多基因控制,表现为耐湿对不耐湿完全显性。该组合的第1对主基因加性效应与显性效应相等,为0.0696;第2对主基因的加性效应与显性效应相等,为0.0530。多基因加性效应为0.3275,显性效应为负值([h]=–0.2137)。主基因存在显性效应,该组合的耐湿性存在杂种优势,多基因显性效应为负,多基因显性效应使F1代耐湿性降低。F2家系的主基因遗传力为73.57%,表现出较高的遗传力,建议育种工作者宜在早期对耐湿性进行选择。In China, over 85% of the rapeseed production is from the Yangtze River Basin. Rapeseed planted as rotation crop following rice from autumn to beginning of the second year summer, often encounters waterlogging stress because of enduring rainfall in autumn and humid paddy soil, which results in reduced field emergence and weaker seedlings. To reveal the genetic mechanism of waterlogging tolerance in rapeseed, we studied a genetic system of waterlogging tolerance in rapeseed by means of a joint segregation analysis in the multi-family generations （P1, F1, P2, B1, B2, and F2） derived from a cross of Zhongshuang 9×GH01. The results showed that waterlogging tolerance of Zhongshuang 9×GH01 was dominated by two pair of major genes with complete dominance effects plus polygenes with additive-dominance effects （E-5 model）. Additive effect （d = 0.0696） was equal to dominance effect （h=0.0696） in the first major gene, and also the additive effect （d = 0.0530） was equal to dominance effect （h=0.0530） in the second major gene of the genetic system. Effect of polygenes acted in the manner of additive （[d]=0.3275） as well as dominant with a negative value （[h]= –0.2137）. It indicated that there was heterosis for waterlogging tolerance found in the cross that played an important role in the genetic system of waterlogging tolerance. Heritability of major gene （h2mg） in F2 population was 73.57%; it suggested that it will be effective way for waterlogging tolerance breeding to select at early generations.

关 键 词：甘蓝型油菜 耐湿性 主基因+多基因 遗传 

分 类 号：S565.4[农业科学—作物学]