青藏高原湿地景观空间格局的变化  

Landscape spatial patterns changes of the wetland in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

作　　者：邢宇[1] 姜琦刚[1] 李文庆[1] 白磊[1] 

机构地区：[1]吉林大学地球探测科学与技术学院,吉林长春130026

出　　处：《生态环境学报》2009年第3期1010-1015,共6页Ecology and Environmental Sciences

基　　金：中国地质调查局资助项目(1212010510218)

摘　　要：在RS和GIS技术的支持下,以1990年左右的TM、2000年左右的ETM和2006年为主的CBERS遥感影像为主要数据源,利用人机交互目视解译方法获取青藏高原景观数据,运用景观生态学原理,选取景观异质性指数,对青藏高原湿地景观格局及其动态变化进行定量分析。结果表明,(1)青藏高原现有湿地面积131894.18km2。(2)近16年来湿地总面积先大幅度减少后显著增加,柴达木盆地内的湿地减少量最为明显,长江流域次之;羌塘高原的湿地增加最为显著,塔里木盆地、雅鲁藏布江流域次之。(3)景观格局整体波动较大,多样性指数和均匀度指数降低,优势度指数增加,破碎度指数先增加后减少。Under the support of RS and GIS technology, using the TM data in 1990, ETM data in 2000 and CBERS data in 2006 as main RS data source, Authors obtained the landscape data of the wetland in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau by the way of man-machine inter- active interpretation, applied the principle of landscape ecology, selected the heterogeneity index of landscape, and analysed quanti- tatively on landscape pattern and dynamic changes of the wetland in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. The results show that, （1） the existing wetland area is about 131 894.18 km2 in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. （2） The wetland area decreased firstly and then increased obviously in the past 16 years. And the wetland area decreased obviously in Qaidam Basin, followed in Yangtze River Basin; the wetland area increased significantly in Qiangtang Plateau, followed in Tarim Basin and in Yarlung Zangbo River Basin. （3） the indices of land- scape pattern have changed significantly, with the landscape diversity index and evenness index decreasing, the predominance index increasing, and the fragmentation index increasing firstly and then decreasing.

关 键 词：遥感与地理信息系统 湿地 景观格局 青藏高原 

分 类 号：X144[环境科学与工程—环境科学]