一种治沙输沙的新理念和方法  

A new concept method for sediment control

作　　者：罗肇森[1] 罗勇[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京水利科学研究院,江苏南京210029

出　　处：《泥沙研究》2009年第4期31-38,共8页Journal of Sediment Research

摘　　要：传统的水流挟沙、输沙是低能效的输沙模式,因为挟沙依赖的紊动是主流的二级以上微项,输沙的水流速度必须大于泥沙的起动流速才行。黄河几年来调水调沙的实测资料表明未有大幅增沙的现象,也是因为挟沙和输沙本身从水流摄取的能量不足的缘故。为了克服此缺点,并为"水利创新"[1]开辟一条治沙输沙的新途径,本文提出一种新观点和新思路,即利用空气的上升流,加强水体紊动,加速排沙,全面治理黄河泥沙的方法。此方法可从根本上克服水流输沙低能效的弱点,试验室的结果表明效果良好。文中初步总结了此方法的试验经验,提出了在黄河使用的设想。The natural suspended sediment carrying capacity and sediment transport by flows are of the mode of lower energy efficiency, because the sediment-carrying capacity induced by turbulene is the 2nd order term of flow intensity. The sediment transport by flows can be worked only when the flow velocity is greater than the sediment incipient velocity. Due to the same reason, the measured data from recent flow-sediment in the regulation operation of Xiaolangdi Reservoir indicates no considerable increment of sediment transport. For overcoming such shortcomings as well as inducing a new approach for ＂Water Innovation＂, the authors proposed a new concept and method for the sediment control of the Yellow River, which is to utilize pressure air to uplift flow, enhance turbulence and improve sediment transport. The method named ＂air lift and control sediment＂ can obviously overcome the shortcomings of lower efficiency of sediment transport by natural flow. The high efficiency of sediment transport by the proposed method has been verified by both site and laboratory tests. It could be helpful to improve sediment transport efficiency of the Yellow River.

关 键 词：气动冲淤 泥沙 紊动 黄河 河口海岸 

分 类 号：TV142[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]