华北地区水汽总量特征及其与地面水汽压关系  

CHARACTERISTICS OF PRECIPITABLE WATER VAPOR AND THEIR RELATION-SHIP WITH SURFACE VAPOR PRESSURE IN NORTH CHINA

作　　者：李国翠[1,2] 李国平[3,4] 刘凤辉[5] 苗志成 

机构地区：[1]石家庄市气象局,河北石家庄050081 [2]河北省气象与生态环境重点实验室,河北石家庄050021 [3]成都信息工程学院大气科学系,四川成都610225 [4]成都区域气象中心,四川成都610071 [5]北京市气象台,北京100089 [6]张家口市气象台,河北张家口075000

出　　处：《热带气象学报》2009年第4期488-494,共7页Journal of Tropical Meteorology

基　　金：中国气象局成都区域气象中心区域重大科研业务项目(2007-11);中国气象局"京津冀地区地基GPS大气水汽观测资料应用研究";成都信息工程学院自然科学与技术发展基金项目(CSRF2007d2)共同资助

摘　　要：利用2004—2005年张家口、邢台和北京三个探空气象站北京时间08、20时的资料,计算了各个站点不同时刻对应的水汽总量,对华北地区水汽总量的特征及其与地面水汽压的关系进行了研究。利用线性回归方法分别建立了四种不同分型下用地面水汽压估算水汽总量的经验公式。检验结果表明,华北地区估测的平均绝对误差和均方根偏差普遍低于4 mm和6 mm;夏季误差较大,而冬半年较小;按天气状况分型时,地面水汽压与水汽总量相关性较好、估计精度也更高,可作为除探空资料积分法和GPS遥感方法之外估计水汽总量的一种备选方案。Based on daily radiosonde data at 08LST and 20LST from 2004 to 2005 in Zhangjiakou, Xingtai and Beijing, the total amount of precipitable water vapor of these stations in this period are calculated; the relationship between precipitable water vapor and surface vapor pressure are analyzed, and empirical formulas under four classified patterns are established by using a linear regression method. The verifying analysis shows that generally, in North China, the absolute error value of precipitable water vapor is less than 4 mm and the root mean square is less than 6 mm; the error is larger in summer than in winter; by comparison, if the formula takes the sky condition into account, the pressure of surface water vapor is better correlated with the total water vapor amount and with higher precision. The classification can then be used as an alternative in estimating precipitable water vapor in addition to the methods of integrating with radiosonde data and GPS-based remote sensing.

关 键 词：应用气象学 统计特征 回归分析 水汽总量 地面水汽压 

分 类 号：P434.5[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]