中间偃麦草和长穗偃麦草解剖结构的扫描电镜观察  

SEM observation on anatomical structure of Elytrigia elongata and E.intermedia

作　　者：史广东[1,2] 毛培春[2] 张国芳[2] 孟林[2] 陈本建[1] 

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学草业学院,甘肃兰州730070 [2]北京市农林科学院北京草业与环境研究发展中心,北京100097

出　　处：《草业科学》2009年第8期52-56,共5页Pratacultural Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30571321);"十一五"国家科技支撑项目(2008BADB3B05);北京市自然科学基金项目(6082009)

摘　　要：运用扫描电镜观察了中间偃麦草Elytrigia intermedia和长穗偃麦草E．elongata的根、茎、叶以及根茎的形态解剖结构，结果显示：2种植物的根形态均由表皮、皮层和中拄组成，表皮着生大量根毛，内皮层细胞壁5面加厚，在横切面上呈马蹄形；茎与根茎的维管束分内外两圈分布，中央有髓腔；叶片形态由表皮、叶肉和叶脉3部分构成，表皮细胞包括长细胞、附属物、气孔器细胞和泡状细胞。中间偃麦草和长穗偃麦草的叶片表皮微形态上存在显著差异．其中长穗偃麦草叶脉上分布3～4列乳突．而中间偃麦草叶脉上则分布3～4列刺毛，另外在根皮层细胞中发现了发达的类似通气组织的结构，产生原因亟待进一步研究。The anatomical structure of root, stem, leaf and rhizome of Elytrigia elongata and E. intermedia was examined under the scanning electron microscope （SEM）. The anatomical structure of root transverse section was consisted with epidermis, cortex and stele. The number of root hairs appeared in the epidermis, and the endodermis cell had 5 thickened walls and was the horseshoe-shaped in the transverse section. Two circles of vascular bundles and a central pith cavity showed in the stem and rhizome morphology. The leaf was differentiated into 3 parts, including epidermis, mesophyll and veins. The epidermal cell consisted with long cells, stomata cells, bulliform cells and subsidiary objects. Two species had significant difference in leaf epidermis micromorphology, 3 to 4 rows of papilla were distributed in the costal zone of E. elongata leaves, but 3 to 4 rows of prickle hair were distributed in the same areas of E. intermedia leaves. In addition, the well-developed similar aerenchyma was found in the root cortex and further research is necessary to find out the cause.

关 键 词：中间偃麦草 长穗偃麦草 形态解剖 扫描电镜 

分 类 号：S54[农业科学—作物学]