氮素在土壤-作物中迁移转化的试验研究  

Study on Migration and Transformation of Nitrogen in Soil-Crop System

作　　者：妙颖[1] 杨胜科[2] 黄瑞华[3] 

机构地区：[1]西北工业大学生命科学院,西安710072 [2]长安大学,西安710049 [3]西北农林科技大学,西安712100

出　　处：《环境保护科学》2009年第4期89-91,120,共4页Environmental Protection Science

摘　　要：为研究氮素在土壤和作物体系中的运移规律。本文开展土壤箱栽试验,分析农作物玉米在关中盆地3种不同类型土壤中对氮素的吸收以及土壤中氮素的迁移转化规律。结果表明,在试验初期,3种土壤中三氮主要以NH4+的形式存在,随着农作物生长NH4+含量减少,同时NO2-和NO3-含量均有不同程度的累积。作物收获后,土壤和作物体系中有相当数量的氮素残留,而且土壤中氮残留相对较高,导致氮素的损失率较大,流失的N素必将会对土壤、甚至地下水产生污染,因此建议该地区针对不同的土壤类型控制氮肥施用量,合理施用氮肥。A pot experiment was carried out to investigate the transformation of nitrogen in soil - crop system. The effect of crop maize planted in three different kinds of soil in Guan - zhong Basin on the absorption of nitrogen was analyzed. Futhermore, the migration and transformation of nitrogen in soil were studied. The results indicated that the form of nitrogen existing in three kinds of soil in the early of experiment was NH4＋ . With the growth of crops, the content of NH4＋ reduced, and at the same time, the content of NO2- and NO3- appeared to accumulate in soil differently. After harvesting, there was fairly much nitrogen in soil - crop system, which resulted in the high loss rate of nitrogen. The loss of nitrogen must bring pollution to soil even ground water. Therefore, we suggested controlling nitrogen fertilizer for different kinds of soil and applying nitrogen fertilizers effectively.

关 键 词：氮 土壤 作物 迁移转化 

分 类 号：X131[环境科学与工程—环境科学] S155[农业科学—土壤学]