小麦醇溶蛋白基因的HPCE和A-PAGE染色体定位及其比较分析  

Chromosomal Location of Genes Coding Wheat Gliadins by HPCE and A-PAGE and Comparative Analysis

作　　者：晏月明[1,2] 刘广田[1,2] S.Prodanovic D.Zoric 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学植物遗传育种系 [2]南斯拉夫贝尔格莱德大学农学院

出　　处：《农业生物技术学报》1998年第2期131-139,共9页Journal of Agricultural Biotechnology

摘　　要：利用高效毛细管电泳（ＨＰＣＥ）技术分离中国春醇溶蛋白获得了４５个不同组分（峰或峰肩），通过中国春第１、４、６、７部分同源群染色体ＮＴ系和ＤＴ系的ＨＰＣＥ分析，确定了各个醇溶蛋白组分的编码基因所在的染色体臂。结果显示，全部蛋白组分均由第１、６部分同源染色体短臂上的基因编码（即Ｇｌｉ－１和Ｇｌｉ－２位点）。其中，Ｇｌｉ－Ａ１、Ｇｌｉ－Ｂ１和Ｇｌｉ－Ｄ１分别编码５、１０和１２个组分；Ｇｌｉ－Ａ２、Ｇｌｉ－Ｂ２和Ｇｌｉ－Ｄ２分别编码７、７和６个组分（有２个蛋白组分分别受６Ａ和６Ｂ、６Ｂ和６Ｄ短臂上的基因编码）。然而，用常规的Ａ－ＰＡＧＥ方法，中国春仅分离出大约２４条蛋白带，分辨度明显低于ＨＰＣＥ。根据不同ＮＴ系和ＤＴ系的分析结果，只有１５条带的控制基因可定位到特定的染色体臂上，其余９条蛋白带可能均含有两个或两个以上的不同组分，因它们的分子量相似而相互重叠。由于Ａ－ＰＡＧＥ不能将这些组成相似的蛋白组分分开，因此难以确定它们的编码基因所在的染色体。可见，ＨＰＣＥ是一种高分辨的分离新技术，在谷物贮藏蛋白分离、表征及其遗传研究等方面具有广阔的应用前景。Gliadin proteins extracted from Chinese Spring (CS) were separated by high performance capillary electrophoresis (HPCE), and 45 components (peaks and shoulders) were obtained. Analyses of CS nullisomic - tetrasomic (NT) and ditelocentric (DT) aneuploid lines of homoeologous group 1, 4, 6 and 7 chromosomes showed that, all components are found to be controlled by genes on the short arms of homoeologous group 1 and 6 chromosomes, namely Gli-1 and Gli-2 loci. Of 45 gliadin components investigated, 27 were coded by Gli-1 locus (5 by Gli-A1, 10 by Gli-B1 and 12 by Gli-D1), and 18 were coded by Gli-2 locus (7 by Gli-A2, 7 by Gli-B2 and 6 by Gli-D2. Two peaks seemed to contain polypeptides controlled by loci on both 6A and 6B, 6B and 6D, respectively). By using routine acid-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (A-PAGE), however, only about 24 gliadin bands of CS were achieved. With the analyses of same CS NT and DT lines, coding genes of only 15 gliadin bands were localized onto special chromosomal arms. For the remaining gliadin bands, their chromosomal controls were not determined because of the overlapping of some components which are controlled by genes on different chromosomes. Our results should make HPCE a powerful tool for separation, characterization and genetic studies of cereal storage proteins. 

关 键 词：小麦 醇溶蛋白 HPCE A-PAGE 基因定位 

分 类 号：S512.101[农业科学—作物学]