脑卒中患者出院前认知功能的调查与相关因素分析  

Investigation on Cognitive Function and Its Relevant Factors in Stroke Patients before Discharge

作　　者：常红[1] 张亚荣[2] 杨龙燕[2] 

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学宣武医院神经内科三病区,北京100053 [2]首都医科大学护理学院,北京100053

出　　处：《解放军护理杂志》2009年第15期26-29,共4页Nursing Journal of Chinese People's Liberation Army

摘　　要：目的探讨脑卒中患者出院前的认知功能状况及其相关因素。方法对80例卒中单元出院的脑卒中患者,采用简易智能精神状态检查量表(mini-mental state examination,MMSE)、日常生活能力(activity of daily livingscale,ADL)量表、抑郁自评量表(self-rating depression scale,SDS)及自行设计的患者一般情况问卷等进行调查。结果80例脑卒中患者的日常生活、认知功能存在不同程度的障碍(分别为91.3%和31.3%),有37.5%的患者存在抑郁状况;患者出院后选择回家休养者为73例(91.3%);单因素相关分析显示,与患者认知功能相关的因素有性别、年龄、婚姻、文化程度、工作性质、住院时间、规律服用降压药、高血脂病史、日常活动能力、抑郁水平等(P<0.05),其中日常活动能力、文化程度、高血脂病史、年龄进入多元回归方程(R2=0.566)。结论脑卒中出院患者的认知功能状况应引起医护人员的高度重视,卒中单元应开展认知康复训练,并结合相关因素为患者提供针对性的健康宣教和具有特色的出院指导,有助于患者下一阶段的认知康复治疗,进一步提高生活质量。Objective To probe the cognitive function and its relevatn factors in the stroke patients before discharge. Methods Eighty stroke unit discharged patients were investigated with minimental state examination （MMSE）,activities of daily living （ADL）, self-rating Depression Scale （SDS） and the self-designed questionnaire to identify their regular information. Results Of the 80 stroke patietns,25（31.3%） patients and 73（91.3%） patients suffered with daily living difficulty and cognitive function disability respectively. 30（37.5%）patients had dispression and 73 （91.3 % ） discharged patients choosed to go home for further recovery. The single factor correlation analysis indicated that sex, age, marriage, education, career, smoking and smoking history, the number of smoking per day, the duration of hospitalization, regulation of using antihypertensive agents, the history of hyperlipidemia,the ability of daily activity,the level of depression（P〈0.05）. The daily activity capacity,length of education, hyperlipemia history, age were in multiple regression equatio （R^2 =0. 566）. Conclusion The medical staff should attach full awareness on the cognitive function of the discharged stroke patients. The rehabilitation training, health education and discharge instruction contribute to further rehabilitaion and better living quality.

关 键 词：脑卒中 出院 认知功能 康复 

分 类 号：R743.3[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]