鸟类栖木在森林植被恢复中的生态意义  

Ecological significance of bird perches on the restoration of forest vegetation

作　　者：李新华[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学生命科学学院,南京210095

出　　处：《生态学报》2009年第8期4448-4454,共7页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：南京农业大学生命科学实验中心开放资助项目

摘　　要：鸟类传播种子对于植物种群自然更新及群落演替具有重要的生态意义,鸟类栖息的树木具有富集种子雨功能,在山体滑坡区及废弃矿区等干扰生境中人工设置鸟类栖木,可以增加鸟类传播的种子雨输入,丰富土壤种子库,尤其食果鸟类可以传播那些处于群落演替中期至后期的乔、灌木树种,能够促进受干扰地区森林植被的演替进程。5.12汶川大地震对地震灾区造成了大面积的山体滑坡和严重的植被破坏,在地震灾区森林植被的生态恢复工作中,一些地区可以采用人工设置鸟类栖木方法,充分利用山体滑坡区周围残余森林的丰富种子源及众多食果鸟类,促进灾区森林植被的自然恢复。Avian seed dispersal is important for the natural regeneration of plant populations and the successional development of plant communities.Birds can enhance the seed rain beneath both natural and artificial perches.The addition of bird perches can therefore increase the input of bird-dispersed seeds and enrich the soil seed bank in mountain landslides,abandoned mines,and other disturbed areas.Frugivorous birds usually disperse seeds of mid-to late-successional trees and shrubs,so bird perches may accelerate the successional development of forest vegetation in disturbed areas.The earthquake centred on Wenchuan,Sichuan,on May 12,2008,caused extensive mountain hazards,such as landslides and debris flows,and has resulted in severe damage to forests.It is suggested that bird perches may be integrated into the ecological restoration projects in the disaster areas,so as to take advantage of abundant seed sources and a diversity of frugivorous birds from the remnant forests around the landslides and thus promote natural recovery of the forest vegetation that was damaged by the earthquake.

关 键 词：食果鸟类 种子传播 种子雨 栖木 生态恢复 

分 类 号：Q948.12[生物学—植物学] Q958.12