不同类型种子超干贮藏的最佳含水量范围  

The Optimum Moisture Content Range of Ultra-dry Storage for Different Type of Seeds

作　　者：孙爱清[1] 高荣岐[1] 尹燕枰[1] 李圣福[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学农学院,山东泰安271018

出　　处：《种子》2009年第8期31-35,共5页Seed

摘　　要：以小麦、大豆、大葱种子为材料，进行超干贮藏适应性研究，确定种子超干贮藏的最佳含水量范围。将种子干燥至5％以下含水量进行超干贮藏，通过发芽试验检测超干贮藏效果；将不同含水量的种子置于常温、高温老化条件下贮藏后检测发芽力、活力变化，确定种子贮藏的最佳含水量。结果表明，3种类型种子都表现为5％以下含水量贮藏好于常规水分贮藏，并且适度超干（3．0％～4．0％）好于极超干（2．3％以下）。常温下小麦种子超干贮藏的最佳含水量范围为2．6％-7．0％，大豆种子为4．2％-5．1％，大葱种子为2．2％-3．5％；高温（45℃）下超干贮藏的最佳含水量范围小麦为2．8％～5．0％、大豆为3．5％～4．2％、大葱为1．4％～5．0％。种子超干贮藏的最佳含水量范围因种子类型和贮藏温度而不同。油脂种子最佳含水量范围低于蛋白质类和淀粉类种子。Wheat, soybean and welsh onion seeds were used as materials to detect the compatibility and identify the optimum moisture content range under ultra-dry storage condition. Seeds were dried to lower than 5% moisture content for ultra-dry storage. The germination tests were conducted to analyze the ultra-dry storage compatibility. The various moisture contents seeds were stored at room temperatures and high temperatures for different time. Through detecting germination apability and vigour to identify the optimum moisture contents. The results showed that seeds with lower than 5% moisture content had much higher vigour than that with ordinary moisture contents ,and moderate uhr-dry seeds with 3.0% to 4.0% moisture content had stronger vigor than that of bone-dry seeds with 2.3%. At room temperature , the optimum moisture content of wheat seeds for ultra-dry storgage was 2.6% to 7.0%, soybean was 4.2% to 5.1%, and onion seeds was 2.2% to 3.5%. When temperature was higher than 45 ℃, the optimum moisture content of wheat seeds was 2.8% to 5.0%, soybean was 3.5% to 4.2%, and onion seeds was 1.4% to 5.0%. The optimum moisture content was differ- ent from type of seeds and storage temperature for ultra-dry storage. The optimum moisture content of oily seeds was lower than that of protein seeds and starch seeds.

关 键 词：种子 超干贮藏 最佳含水量 活力 

分 类 号：S379[农业科学—农产品加工]