集体心理治疗对社区精神分裂症患者干预二年的随访研究  

Follow-up of Schizophrenia Patients Treated with Two-Year Group Psychotherapy in Community

作　　者：方亚明[1] 周云飞[1] 刘彦颖[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东省深圳市康宁医院,518020

出　　处：《中国全科医学》2009年第17期1606-1608,共3页Chinese General Practice

摘　　要：目的探索集体心理治疗对社区精神分裂症患者的康复效果和社会功能的影响。方法在深圳市罗湖区10个街道选择108例精神分裂症患者,将患者随机分为研究组(54例)和对照组(54例)。在每月给两组患者免费发药时,对研究组患者进行每月一次的集体心理治疗,而对照组只接受药物治疗。两组均干预2年。选用阳性与阴性症状量表(PANSS)和社会功能缺陷筛选量表(SDSS),分别在干预前、干预第2、6、12、18、24个月对两组患者进行评定。同时监测病情复发、再就业等情况。结果(1)干预前与干预末次评分减分值的比较,研究组PANSS总分减分值、阳性因子分减分值、阴性因子分减分值、一般精神病理分减分值、SDSS减分值〔分别为(6.80±3.30)分、(1.51±0.36)分、(3.14±0.27)分、(3.14±1.11)分和(-0.53±0.07)分〕与对照组〔分别为(-0.33±1.35)分、(-1.93±1.16)分、(-1.23±0.27)分、(-0.16±0.97)分和(-0.07±0.22)分〕比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);(2)干预期间研究组患者复发、肇事次数分别为(0.92±0.82)次和(0.48±0.50)次,对照组分别为(1.40±0.68)次和(0.68±0.50)次,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);研究组和对照组患者的再就业率分别为41%和26%,差异无统计学意义(P=0.076)。结论集体心理治疗可明显改善精神分裂症患者的阳性、阴性症状,防止病情复发,亦能改善患者的社会功能,适宜在社区广泛开展。Objective To explore the rehabilitation effects and social functions of group psychotherapy for schizophrenia patients in community. Methods Total 108 patients with schizophrenia from 10 communities of Shenzhen were divided as trial group （ n = 54） and control group （ n = 54）. Based on maintenance of pharmacotherapy, the patients in the trial group were given group psychotherapy every month, while those in the control group were only given the pharmaeotherapy. The course of intervention was two years. The results were assessed with Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale （PANSS） and Social Function Defects and Screening Scale （SDSS） before intervention, and 2, 6, 12, 18, 24 months intervention. At the same time, the conditions of disease relapse and re - employment were monitored. Results （ 1 ） Before and the last intervention, the decreased scores of total PANSS, positive factors, negative factors, general psychopathology, and SDSS in the trial group were （6. 80 ± 3.30）, （1.51 ±0. 36）, （3.14 ±0. 27）, （3. 14 ± 1.11）, and （ -0. 53 ±0.07） respectively, while those in the control group were （-0.33±1.35）, （-1.93±1.16）, （ -1.23 ±0.27）, （-0.16±0.97）, and （-0.07±0.22） respectively, with significant differences between the two groups （ P 〈 0. 05 ）. （2） During the intervention period, the times of relapse and accident in the trial group were （0. 92 ± 0. 82 ） and （0. 48 ± 0. 50） respectively, while those in the control group were （ 1.40 ± 0. 68 ） and （0. 68 ± 0. 50） respectively , with significant differences between the two groups （ P 〈 0. 05 ）. However there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in re - employment rate （41% vs 26% ） （ P = 0. 076 ）. Conclusion Group psychotherapy can significantly improve positive and negative symptoms, and prevent the relapse of disease, and also raise the social function of the patients. So it is suitable to popularize in community.

关 键 词：精神分裂症 心理疗法 社区精神病学 随访研究 

分 类 号：R749.3[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]